李腾,郝付平,韩增德,方宪法,郝朝会,刘云强.水平摘锭式高效采棉头设计与试验[J].农业机械学报,2019,50(12):63-72.
LI Teng,HAO Fuping,HAN Zengde,FANG Xianfa,HAO Zhaohui,LIU Yunqiang.Design and Test of Horizontal Spindle Picking Head with High Efficiency[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2019,50(12):63-72.
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水平摘锭式高效采棉头设计与试验   [下载全文]
Design and Test of Horizontal Spindle Picking Head with High Efficiency   [Download Pdf][in English]
投稿时间:2019-09-03  
DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.12.007
中文关键词:  棉花采收机  采棉头  高效收获  槽形凸轮  参数化设计
基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0701402)
作者单位
李腾 中国农业大学 
郝付平 中国农业机械化科学研究院 
韩增德 中国农业机械化科学研究院 
方宪法 中国农业机械化科学研究院 
郝朝会 中国农业机械化科学研究院 
刘云强 中国农业机械化科学研究院 
中文摘要:为解决我国棉花高效收获问题,设计了水平摘锭式高效采棉头,针对其关键工作部件槽形凸轮,建立了参数化设计的数学模型,采用Matlab中的GUI模块进行人机交互可视化设计,生成槽形凸轮曲线,导入UG中得到三维模型和工程图纸并加以制造。利用ADAMS虚拟样机仿真软件,分析采棉滚筒线速度与作业速度之比K对摘锭运动轨迹与采摘时间的影响,得出K和作业速度的合理取值范围。利用矢量方程图解法,分析脱棉盘转速与采棉滚筒转速、摘锭转速的匹配关系,得出其取值范围。为验证理论分析和优化高效采棉头的运动参数,搭建采棉头室内综合试验台,选取作业速度、摘锭转速、脱棉盘转速为试验因素,含杂率、撞落棉率、采净率和生产效率为试验指标,采用Box-Benhnken Design中心组合试验设计原理,利用Design Expert软件对试验结果进行回归分析和响应面分析,得到最佳参数组合为:作业速度6.17km/h、摘锭转速4272r/min、脱棉盘转速2109r/min,最优参数组合下含杂率为8.78%、撞落棉率为1.59%、采净率为97.17%、生产效率为0.467hm2/h,并进行3次验证试验,得到平均含杂率为8.81%、撞落棉率为1.66%、采净率为97.21%、生产效率为0.467hm2/h,试验结果与理论结果基本相符。
LI Teng  HAO Fuping  HAN Zengde  FANG Xianfa  HAO Zhaohui  LIU Yunqiang
China Agricultural University,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences and Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences
Key Words:cotton harvester  cotton picking head  efficient harvesting  grooved cam  parametric design
Abstract:In order to solve the problem of high efficient cotton harvesting in China, a horizontal ingot picking head with high efficiency was developed. A parametric design mathematical model was established for the slot cam, which was the key working part of the picking head. The GUI module in Matlab was used to design human computer interaction visualization, generate groove cam curve, and imported it into UG to get three dimensional model and engineering drawings for manufacturing. By using ADAMS virtual prototype simulation software, the influence of the ratio of linear speed to working speed K on the trajectory of ingot picking was analyzed, and the reasonable range of K and working speed was obtained. Vector equation graphic method was used to analyze the matching relationship between the rotational speed of cotton removal disc and the rotational speed of drum and ingot, and the corresponding range of rotational speed of cotton removal disc was obtained. In order to verify the theoretical analysis and optimize the motion parameters of the high efficiency cotton picking head, the indoor comprehensive test bench for the cotton picking head was set up, and the forward speed, the spindle speed and the speed of the cotton disc were selected as the test factors, and the rate of inclusion and the rate of falling cotton were selected. The recovery rate and production efficiency were the test indicators. The second rotation orthogonal test method was used. Regression analysis and response surface analysis of the test results were carried out by using Design Expert software, and the optimum parameters were obtained as follows: operation speed was 6.17km/h, spindle picking speed was 4272r/min, cotton disc speed was 2109r/min. Under the optimum combination of parameters, the impurity content was 8.78%, the knock down cotton rate was 1.59%, the net recovery rate was 97.17%, and the production efficiency was 0.467hm2/h. Experiments were carried out under the same conditions. The average impurity content was 8.81%, the knock down rate was 166%, the net recovery rate was 97.21%, and the production efficiency was 0.467hm2/h. The experimental results were basically consistent with the theoretical results.

Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agriculture Machinery (CSAM), in charged of China Association for Science and Technology (CAST), sponsored by CSAM and Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Science(CAAMS), started publication in 1957. It is the earliest interdisciplinary journal in Chinese which combines agricultural and engineering. It always closely grasps the development direction of agriculture engineering disciplines and the published papers represent the highest academic level of agriculture engineering in China. Currently, nearly 8,000 papers have been already published. There are around 3,000 papers contributed to the journal each year, but only around 600 of them will be accepted. Transactions of CSAM focuses on a wide range of agricultural machinery, irrigation, electronics, robotics, agro-products engineering, biological energy, agricultural structures and environment and more. Subjects in Transactions of the CSAM have been embodied by many internationally well-known index systems, such as: EI Compendex, CA, CSA, etc.

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