The object was to explore the reasonable technical index of subsoiling for the annual double cropping of winter wheatsummer maize in meadow soil of northern Henan Province. In 2017—2018，based on the data of field experiment，the subsoiling was conducted before sowing winter wheat in Huojia County of Henan Province. The experimental design used two kinds of subsoiling machine（T，traditional subsoiling machine；A，subsoiling + fertilization integrated machine）and three depths （D1，30cm；D2，35cm and D3，40cm）were set on the traditional subsoiling machine and a deep depth（D2，35cm）on subsoiling + fertilizer integrated machine，meanwhile，the conventional rotary tillage（CK，average tillage depth of 15cm）was used as a control. The variations of crop yield and water use efficiency of each subsoiling treatment were analyzed by measuring soil bulk density，soil water content and crop yield and yield traits. The result showed that the subsoiling method could change the soil bulk density，and the soil bulk density in 10～30cm soil layer was significantly reduced（p＜0.05）. Subsoiling treatments also had a significant impact on soil water content，which could increase the water storage capacity in field（p＜0.05）. During the annual twoseason crops，the water storage capacity of soil in 0～100cm soil layer in descending order was TD2, TD1, TD3, AD2 and CK. Compared with the water storage capacity of rotary tillage，that of the subsoiling treatments was increased significantly by 34.9%，28.9%，28.5% and 27.0%（p＜0.05），respectively. Subsoiling treatments also could significantly increase the number of spikes and kernels of crops，and increase the yield of crops（p＜0.05）. The yield of subsoiling treatments were averagely increased by 8.3% in twoseason crops compared with the rotary tillage，and the effect of increasing yield of winter wheat was greater than that of summer maize. At the same time，subsoiling could also greatly improve the water use efficiency（WUE）of the crops in the winter wheatsummer maize multiple cropping system，and significantly reduce water consumption and water consumption intensity of crops（p＜0.05）. The WUE of subsoiling treatments was averagely increased by 12.4% compared with that of the rotary tillage，among which AD2 had the best effect. Therefore，subsoiling before the sowing of winter wheat was conducive to the rational construction of soil tillage layer， which improved crop yield and water use efficiency. It had a high promotion value for the dry farming wheatmaize multiple cropping system of northern Henan Province. 