In order to improve the uniformity of the pneumatic fish pond feeder and the feed utilization rate, the performance analysis and numerical simulation of the throwing process by EDEM-Fluent coupling method were carried out. The main reasons for the uneven distribution of throwing were studied, and the structure of feeder was optimized. The simulation analysis showed that the structure of feed chamber and guide plate were the key factors affecting the throwing performance. On the basis of optimization of parabolic structure, the threedimensional two regression orthogonal rotation test was designed by Design-Expert software. The effects of the factors such as the radius (Ro) of the external cavity, the height (ho) and the angle (α) on the uniformity of the parabolic were studied. Then, the multivariate regression model between the variation coefficient of circumferential distribution (Cv) and the factors of Ro, ho and α was established. And then, the optimal design parameters were determined and the site verification test was carried out in Agricultural Machinery Test Site of Nanjing Agricultural University. The results showed that the influence of each factor on the circumferential variation coefficient in primary and secondary order was as follows: α, Ro, and ho. The circumferential uniformity coefficient of variation was the smallest (14.13%) when Ro was 77.00mm, ho was 85.40mm, and α was 93.20°. Meanwhile, the test result was 15.08%, which was consistent with the theoretical value of the model, and it was decreased by 50.50 percentage points compared with the prior optimization. Therefore, it was feasible to optimize the performance parameters of the pneumatic feeder based on the EDEM-Fluent coupling method, and get better parabolic uniformity. The research result provided a reference for the design of a good feeding equipment and similar parabolic performance analysis.