迟媛,李蒙福,杨月斌,隋昂伯,迟玉杰.禽蛋壳膜旋风式气流清选装置研究[J].农业机械学报,2019,50(8):339-350.
CHI Yuan,LI Mengfu,YANG Yuebin,SUI Angbo,CHI Yujie.Cyclone Device Collecting Eggshell Membranes and Eggshells Separately from Eggshells Mixture[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2019,50(8):339-350.
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禽蛋壳膜旋风式气流清选装置研究   [下载全文]
Cyclone Device Collecting Eggshell Membranes and Eggshells Separately from Eggshells Mixture   [Download Pdf][in English]
投稿时间:2019-02-18  
DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.08.037
中文关键词:  禽蛋壳膜  清选装置  旋风式
基金项目:黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(LH2019E011)、黑龙江省博士后科研启动金二等项目(LBH-Q18012)、国家蛋鸡产业技术体系项目(CARS-40-K25)和国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0400304)
作者单位
迟媛 东北农业大学 
李蒙福 东北农业大学 
杨月斌 东北农业大学 
隋昂伯 东北农业大学 
迟玉杰 东北农业大学 
中文摘要:为减轻废弃蛋壳对环境的污染,提高蛋壳和蛋膜的附加价值,提出了蛋壳蛋膜旋风式气流分选方式。首先,基于Fluent-EDEM耦合模拟研究了旋风式气流清选装置的清选筒直径、直筒段高度等结构参数对清选筒内的流场特性、颗粒轨迹、颗粒分布的影响;其次,根据仿真结果确定了清选筒的基本尺寸,搭建试验台,以筒顶结构、风机转速、喂料机转速和喂入量为试验因素,以蛋膜的清洁率和回收率为试验指标,进行壳膜清选试验;最后,通过正交试验、二次通用旋转组合试验和优化设计,得出了最优因素参数组合。仿真显示:清选筒内流场中心柱状区域速度大、且方向向上,外围速度低、且方向向下,升气管处气压最低,有利于壳膜的分选;增大清选筒筒径会造成蛋壳回流,筒径过小不利于蛋膜收集的清洁率;增加筒体高度导致筒内能量损失过大,蛋膜回收率较低,减小筒体高度导致筒内能量损失小,筒内气流速度较大,蛋膜分选的清洁率低。试验结果表明,锥形筒顶较平顶蛋膜回收率高;物料进口速度过大,则壳膜因离心力大贴着筒壁运动,达不到壳膜分选的效果;当喂入量500g/s、风机转速2892r/min、喂料机转速918r/min时,蛋膜回收率高于94%,蛋膜清洁率高于96%。验证试验与优化结果相近,优化结果可信。
CHI Yuan  LI Mengfu  YANG Yuebin  SUI Angbo  CHI Yujie
Northeast Agricultural University,Northeast Agricultural University,Northeast Agricultural University,Northeast Agricultural University and Northeast Agricultural University
Key Words:eggshells and eggshell membranes  collecting separately device  cyclone method
Abstract:In order to reduce the pollution on the environment caused by waste eggshells, a method of collecting eggshell membranes and eggshells separately from eggshells mixture was explored, which acquired respective added value. Based on the Fluent-EDEM coupling simulation, the influences of cyclone structure parameters such as the diameter and height of the cleaning cylinder on the flow field characteristics, particles trajectories and particles distribution in the cyclone were studied. According to the simulation results, the structure parameters of the cyclone were determined within a reasonable range. In the eggshells and membranes collecting test, the cyclone top structure, fan rotational speed, feeding motor rotational speed and feed rate were taken as test factors, and the cleaning rate and recovery rate of eggshell membranes were taken as evaluation indexes. The simulation results showed that the flow field formed in the cleaning cylinder was that velocity was high in upward direction in the central columnar area and low in downward direction in the peripheral area, and air pressure was the lowest at the air riser, which were conducive to collecting eggshells and eggshell membranes. Increasing the diameter of cleaning cylinder would cause eggshells mixture reflux. Increasing the height of the cylinder would lead to excessive energy loss in the cylinder and low recovery rate of eggshell membranes, otherwise too small height of the cylinder would lead to small energy loss, high airflow velocity in the cylinder and low cleaning rate of eggshell membranes. The test results showed that the recovery rate of eggshell membranes adapting cone top was higher than that of flat top. If the speed of materials inlet was increased, the eggshells mixture would move against the cylinder wall due to the centrifugal force, which can not separate eggshells and eggshell membranes effectively. The experimental results showed when the feed rate was 500g/s, the fan rotational speed was 2892r/min and the feeding motor rotational speed was 918r/min, the eggshell membranes recovery rate was higher than 94%, and cleaning rate was higher than 96%. The result of verification test was close to that of optimization, and the optimization result was credible.

Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agriculture Machinery (CSAM), in charged of China Association for Science and Technology (CAST), sponsored by CSAM and Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Science(CAAMS), started publication in 1957. It is the earliest interdisciplinary journal in Chinese which combines agricultural and engineering. It always closely grasps the development direction of agriculture engineering disciplines and the published papers represent the highest academic level of agriculture engineering in China. Currently, nearly 8,000 papers have been already published. There are around 3,000 papers contributed to the journal each year, but only around 600 of them will be accepted. Transactions of CSAM focuses on a wide range of agricultural machinery, irrigation, electronics, robotics, agro-products engineering, biological energy, agricultural structures and environment and more. Subjects in Transactions of the CSAM have been embodied by many internationally well-known index systems, such as: EI Compendex, CA, CSA, etc.

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