During the operation of traditional disc filter, the head loss is steeply increased, and it is easy to reach complete clogging in a short time, which affects the filtering effect. The existing research focuses on the improvement of its macrostructure, and there are few studies on the optimization of disc flow path structure. A fractal theory was introduced into the design of disc filter along flow path. A new type of disc filter was proposed, and compared with the traditional disc filter at home and abroad on the performance of head loss, sand interception, d50 and the uniformity of sediment distribution in the runner. Based on the experimental comparison, the clogging uniformity index ηu, was introduced, and it was desirable to determine the clogging uniformity by quantitatively characterizing the change in head loss during the operating period. The results showed that the local head loss of the new disc filter under the condition of clear water was 12%~20% lower than that of the traditional disc filters, under the condition of sandy water, the head loss of the new disc filter was uniform with time and lower than the growth rate of the traditional disc filter;under the condition of different concentrations of sandy water, the average sand interception of the new disc filter was 11%~54% higher than that of the traditional disc filter, the average d50 of the intercepted sediment was 39.51μm, which was smaller than the traditional disc filter of 59.04~87.60μm. The research can provide theoretical and experimental basis for the feasibility and superiority of fractal theory applied to disc structures.