畜禽粪便高温快速发酵装备设计与试验
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河北省财政专项(494-0402-YSN-962W)


Design and Experiment of High Temperature and Rapid Fermentation Equipment for Livestock and Poultry Excrement
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    摘要:

    针对传统有机肥发酵方式设施设备简陋、效率低、能耗高、发酵不彻底且容易造成固液气环境二次污染的问题,设计了一种畜禽粪便高温快速发酵装备。简述了畜禽粪便全封闭快速自动化腐熟工艺流程及工作原理,对发酵装备的整机结构、发酵罐主体结构、搅拌系统等关键部件进行了设计、计算及有限元分析。结合发酵工艺要求,以含水率为55%的牛粪为原料,对罐体内物料温度分布及均匀性进行了试验分析,并对发酵产物进行了测试。试验与测试结果表明:在设备入料后第4天,罐体内物料平均温度为64.81℃,温度均匀性变异系数为1%;经发酵装备生产出的有机肥有机质质量分数为53.5%、总养分质量分数为5.36%、蛔虫卵死亡率为100%、粪大肠菌群数在2个/g以内,均达到国家有机肥料行业标准。

    Abstract:

    In order to overcome the shortcomings of traditional manure fermentation modes, such as equipment simple, low efficiency, high energy consumption, untotal fermentation and secondary pollution, a new kind of equipment with high temperature and rapid fermentation for livestock and poultry excrement was developed. The operational principle and process flow of the equipment were introduced. The overall unit and the key parts such as major structure and mixing system were designed, calculated and analyzed by using finite element method. According to the requirement of fermentation process, using cow dung with water content of 55% as raw material, the temperature distribution and uniformity of the material in the tank was tested and analyzed, and the fermentation product was also tested. Experiment and test results showed that the whole fermentation process from incoming to outgoing materials lasted nine days, and the equipment consumed 1021kW·h, in the fourth day after the cow dung was put into the tank, the average temperature of materiel in the tank was 64.81℃, and the temperature uniformity coefficient of variation was 1%;the mass fraction, nutrient content and death rate of lumbricoid egg of produced organic fertilizer was 53.5%, 5.36% and 100%, respectively;the number of fecal coliforms fecal was less than two per gram. All of those indices met the requirement of national standard of organic fertilizer industry. The research result provided reference for the research and development of high temperature and fast fermentation equipment for animal manure.

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袁兴茂,范国昌,陈林,高清海,张秀平,张亚振.畜禽粪便高温快速发酵装备设计与试验[J].农业机械学报,2018,49(s1):413-418.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-07-10
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  • 在线发布日期: 2018-11-10
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