丘陵地区蓝莓园智能灌溉决策系统设计
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国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0700504)、江苏省重点研发计划项目(BE2016337)、国家自然科学基金项目(51575244)和农业部公益性行业科研专项(201503130)


Design of Intelligent Irrigation Decision System for Blueberry Garden in Hilly Area
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    摘要:

    针对丘陵地区蓝莓园灌溉过程中水资源浪费严重、劳动力严重短缺的问题,基于物联网技术,研究并设计了一套智能灌溉决策系统。系统包括信息采集模块、无线通信模块、智能决策模块和灌溉执行模块。信息采集模块通过布设的土壤水分传感器和小型气象站实时采集蓝莓园土壤墒情信息和环境信息(风速、降雨量、温度、湿度);无线传输模块将信息采集模块采集到的数据实时发送到服务器端进行分析处理,并将智能决策模块的计算结果传送给灌溉执行模块;智能决策模块中,基于前期采集的历史数据使用彭曼公式和土壤水平衡公式建立灌溉决策模型,实现蒸腾量和灌溉量的计算以及实时监控与报警,该模型可根据实时获取的数据,确定是否需要灌溉及最优的灌溉量;灌溉执行模块根据接收到的灌溉信息及实际的灌溉速度计算灌溉时间,进行远程灌溉;以Visual Studio软件为平台,设计了系统上位机的监控界面,可实现土壤和环境参数的实时检测和存储、作物需水状况的分析管理以及实时预警和灌溉决策。试验结果表明,该智能灌溉决策系统可在无人干预的情况下,根据传感器采集的信息自行判断作物需水情况,当系统认为作物需要灌溉时自行驱动灌溉装置完成灌溉,从而实现蓝莓园的远程精确灌溉,节省了人力物力,有效提高了灌溉水的利用率。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at the problem of serious waste of water resources and serious shortage of labor in the irrigation process of blueberry gardens in hilly areas, a set of intelligent irrigation decision-making system was designed based on Internet of things technology. The system included an information acquisition module, a wireless communication module, an intelligent decision module and an irrigation execution module. The information collection module collected the soil moisture information and environmental information (wind speed, rainfall, temperature, humidity) of the blueberry garden through the soil moisture sensor and small weather station. The wireless transmission module sent the data collected by the information collection module to the server in real time. Analytical processing was carried out, and the calculation result of the intelligent decision-making module was transmitted to the irrigation execution module. In the intelligent decision-making module, based on the historical data collected in the previous stage, the Penman formula and the soil water balance formula were used to establish the irrigation decision model to realize transpiration amount and irrigation amount calculation and real-time monitoring and alarm. The model can determine whether irrigation and optimal irrigation amount were needed according to the data obtained in real time;the irrigation execution module calculated the irrigation time according to the received irrigation information and actual irrigation speed, and performed remote irrigation. Using Visual Studio software as the platform, the monitoring interface of the system host computer was designed to realize real-time detection and storage of soil and environmental parameters, analysis and management of crop water demand status, and real-time warning and irrigation decision. The test results showed that the intelligent irrigation decision-making system can independently judge the crop water demand based on the information collected by the sensor without intervention. When the system found that the crop needed irrigation, it would drive the irrigation device to complete the irrigation, thus realizing remote precision irrigation of blueberry garden. The remote precision irrigation saved manpower and material resources and effectively improved the utilization of irrigation water.

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沈建炜,李林,魏新华.丘陵地区蓝莓园智能灌溉决策系统设计[J].农业机械学报,2018,49(s1):379-386.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-07-15
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  • 在线发布日期: 2018-11-10
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