苏媛,刘浩,徐杨,崔涛,屈哲,张东兴.轴流式玉米脱粒装置钉齿元件优化与试验[J].农业机械学报,2018,49(s1):258-265.
SU Yuan,LIU Hao,XU Yang,CUI Tao,QU Zhe,ZHANG Dongxing.Optimization and Experiment of Spike-tooth Elements of Axial Flow Corn Threshing Device[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(s1):258-265.
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轴流式玉米脱粒装置钉齿元件优化与试验   [下载全文]
Optimization and Experiment of Spike-tooth Elements of Axial Flow Corn Threshing Device   [Download Pdf][in English]
投稿时间:2018-07-14  
DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.S0.034
中文关键词:  玉米  脱粒  轴流式  破碎率  高含水率  钉齿
基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0300302)和国家现代玉米产业技术体系建设项目(CARS-02)
作者单位
苏媛 中国农业大学 
刘浩 中国农业大学 
徐杨 中国农业大学 
崔涛 中国农业大学 
屈哲 中国农业大学 
张东兴 中国农业大学 
中文摘要:为降低黄淮海地区高含水率玉米果穗脱粒时的破碎率,以轴流钉齿式玉米籽粒收获机的脱粒系统为基础,通过对钉齿工作过程理论分析,优化设计一种弧面钉齿;利用离散元软件(Engineering discrete element method,EDEM),分别对梯形钉齿与弧面钉齿与果穗接触时的受力进行分析,得到梯形钉齿和弧面钉齿与果穗接触时受到的切向力均值分别24.47、20.65N,法向力均值分别为50.93、45.47N。分别采用Q235钢、丁腈橡胶套和聚氨酯橡胶材料制作弧面钉齿,以滚筒转速、脱粒间隙、喂入量为变量进行单因素试验,试验材料为籽粒含水率为28%的郑单958。结果表明,当果穗喂入量为10kg/s、脱粒间隙为55mm、滚筒转速为300r/min,采用丁腈橡胶套弧面钉齿和聚氨酯橡胶弧面钉齿脱粒时,破碎率较传统梯形钉齿下降20%,未脱净率不大于1.02%。该研究可为解决高含水率情况下果穗脱粒装置的设计提供参考。
SU Yuan  LIU Hao  XU Yang  CUI Tao  QU Zhe  ZHANG Dongxing
China Agricultural University,China Agricultural University,China Agricultural University,China Agricultural University,China Agricultural University and China Agricultural University
Key Words:corn  threshing  axial flow  broken rate  high moisture  spike-tooth
Abstract:Corn with high moisture content in Huang-Huai-Hai region of China had a high moisture when it was harvested, which caused high broken rate and un-threshing rate when mechanical harvesting and restricted the development of corn grain harvest. There were many current studies on corn threshing process at home and abroad. But most studies were on the structure of corn threshing machine. Based on the threshing system of axial flow corn threshing device, through the theoretical analysis of working process of spike-tooth, a kind of curved spike-tooth was designed and optimized to solve the problems. The distinct element method (DEM) was a numerical simulation method for dealing with discontinuous medium problems, which was widely used in the field of bulk material processing. Enhanced distinct element method(EDEM)software was a general computer aided engineering (CAE) analysis software based on the DEM, which was commonly used to simulate and analyze particle processing and operating system in industry and agricultural production. The discrete element simulation model of threshing process was established by using discrete element software EDEM, and the normal force and tangential force of trapezoid spike-tooth and curved spike-tooth were determined by studying the mechanism. The simulation result showed that the tangential force of trapezoid spike-tooth and curved spike-tooth was 24.47N and 20.65N, respectively, and the average force of normal force was 50.93N and 45.47N, respectively. The threshing test was compared with the traditional trapezoidal spike-tooth with different materials. The result showed that breaking rate of Q235 trapezoid, Q235, NBR and polyurethane rubber was 10.23%, 9.84%, 8.03% and 8.35%, and un-threshing rate was 0.53%, 0.92%, 0.77% and 1.02%, respectively. The corn breaking rate was 20% lower than that of the traditional nail, and un-threshing rate was no more than 1.02%. The single factor test was carried out with the factors of roller speed, threshing clearance and feeding amount as factors. Zhengdan 958 with grain moisture content of 28% was set as test material. When using NBR nailed teeth, the feeding amount of corn ear was 10kg/s, the threshing clearance was 55mm, the drum speed was 300r/min, the threshing results showed that breaking rate and un-threshing rate was 8.03% and 0.77%, respectively, which had the best threshing effect. The threshing roller was divided into four sections along the axis, and the distribution of the number of falling corn and corn breaking rate in the threshing test were analyzed. The results showed that the first two sections of the drum were the main threshing area of fruit spike, and the amount of falling grain was about 80% of total grain quantity, and the first section of drum was larger in the threshing of the fruit ear, and the corn breaking rate was the highest. The design of the curved spike-tooth not only had reasonable structure but also the material of spike-tooth was easy to replace and the threshing effect was good. It provided a reference for the design of spike threshing device in the case of high water cut.

Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agriculture Machinery (CSAM), in charged of China Association for Science and Technology (CAST), sponsored by CSAM and Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Science(CAAMS), started publication in 1957. It is the earliest interdisciplinary journal in Chinese which combines agricultural and engineering. It always closely grasps the development direction of agriculture engineering disciplines and the published papers represent the highest academic level of agriculture engineering in China. Currently, nearly 8,000 papers have been already published. There are around 3,000 papers contributed to the journal each year, but only around 600 of them will be accepted. Transactions of CSAM focuses on a wide range of agricultural machinery, irrigation, electronics, robotics, agro-products engineering, biological energy, agricultural structures and environment and more. Subjects in Transactions of the CSAM have been embodied by many internationally well-known index systems, such as: EI Compendex, CA, CSA, etc.

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