大型拖拉机驾驶室PM10和PM2.5净化效果仿真分析
作者:
作者单位:

作者简介:

通讯作者:

中图分类号:

基金项目:

国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0700101)


Simulation of Cleaning Effect of PM10 and PM2.5 in High-power Tractor Cab
Author:
Affiliation:

Fund Project:

  • 摘要
  • |
  • 图/表
  • |
  • 访问统计
  • |
  • 参考文献
  • |
  • 相似文献
  • |
  • 引证文献
  • |
  • 资源附件
  • |
  • 文章评论
    摘要:

    针对大型拖拉机在耕地时封闭驾驶室内可吸入颗粒物PM10质量浓度(25770μg/m3)超标的问题,选取不同的空气净化方式(内循环、外循环空调净化器和外置净化器),对PM浓度微分方程进行了数值仿真分析,仿真结果表明安装空气净化装置能明显降低驾驶室内可吸入颗粒物的浓度。首先应用质量守恒定律推导了PM浓度变化模型和空调净化模型,随后采用美国IAQx11-PM软件进行了不同净化方式和不同净化率的仿真分析。仿真结果表明,内循环和外循环方式的综合相对净化率分别为92.78%和96.13%,明显降低了驾驶室内PM10和PM2.5浓度,满足国际人体健康标准的要求;而且外循环净化方式的PM10和PM2.5质量浓度能维持在800μg/m3以下,净化效果最优。外置净化器平均净化率为48%~66%,虽然净化效果比较明显,但不能满足国际人体健康标准的要求。各净化方式的PM10和PM.2.5浓度变化曲线表明封闭驾驶室内的PM10和PM2.5浓度最后可以达到一个稳定值,并且内循环和外循环的曲线(约为1h)先于外置净化器曲线达到稳定值。1h时采用外循环、内循环、外置净化器和无净化〖JP3〗器时的人体累计PM10吸入量分别为382、832、1820、2040μg;人体累计PM2.5吸入量分别为321、585、1290、1440μg。〖JP〗人体累计PM10和PM2.5吸入量曲线均呈直线式增长,并且未安装空气净化装置的人体PM累计吸入量曲线的增长率明显快于配有空气净化装置的驾驶室(内外循环下的增长率最低)。驾驶室空调系统应采用将温度调节装置和空气净化器一体化的HVAC空调设计法。

    Abstract:

    With the dramatically growing use of agricultural highpower tractors, comfort of cab is an important problem in China. Because of the indirect impact with low comfort of cab, the productivity is restricted. Health of tractor drivers was also undermined by low comfort of the cab. 〖JP3〗Highpower tractors play an important role in tilling machine. The PM concentration in ambient air is very high (512mg/m3). 〖JP〗Foreign mainstream tractor comfortable cabs are enclosure cabs to protect PM into cabs. In the field research, enclosure cab can protest PM10 and PM25 very well except tilling work. The PM10 and PM25 concentration cannot reach the human healthy standard when tractor is tilling. The foreign research of PM cleaning system in tractor cab is at an initial stage and the research in Chins is empty. So, the PM research is meaningful. The concentration of PM10 and PM25 simulation was done based on collection data in other researches. Firstly, the concentration variety model and cleaning model were deduced according to the mass conservation theory. Then, the simulation was done under different cleaning methods (return, supply and freestanding filter) and cleaning efficiency (50%, 75% and 90%) by IAQx11-PM. The results showed that the relative cleaning efficiency of return and supply were 92.78% and 96.13%, respectively. These two methods could reach the international human healthy standard. The PM10 and PM25 concentrations in supply method could be lower than 800μg/m3. Although the relative cleaning efficiency of freestanding filter was between 48% and 66%, the international human healthy standard still could not be reached. The curve of PM10 and PM25 concentrations showed that supply method was the fastest to get stable statues (1h). Finally, the human inhalation exposure was calculated. It was indicated that HVAC design method should be used in comfort cab. This method could save the volume of air conditioner volume and control the temperature and PM concentration.

    参考文献
    相似文献
    引证文献
引用本文

杨 晓,毛恩荣,ZHANG Jianshun,宋正河,金晓萍,杜岳峰.大型拖拉机驾驶室PM10和PM2.5净化效果仿真分析[J].农业机械学报,2018,49(11):365-371. YANG Xiao, MAO Enrong, ZHANG Jianshun, SONG Zhenghe, JIN Xiaoping, DU Yuefeng. Simulation of Cleaning Effect of PM10 and PM2.5 in High-power Tractor Cab[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(11):365-371

复制
分享
文章指标
  • 点击次数:
  • 下载次数:
  • HTML阅读次数:
  • 引用次数:
历史
  • 收稿日期:2018-07-15
  • 最后修改日期:
  • 录用日期:
  • 在线发布日期: 2018-11-10
  • 出版日期: 2018-11-10