农用底盘主动平衡试验平台与控制系统设计与试验
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国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0701705)


Design and Experiment on Auto Leveling System and Control Strategy for Agricultural Chassis
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    摘要:

    常规的农用作业装备很难适应坡地作业环境,为了使作业车身在坡地作业时保持水平,以主动平衡系统作为研究对象,开发了主动平衡试验平台及控制系统。基于SimMechanics与SimHdraulics模块建立了机-电-液多物理域仿真模型;针对双作用非对称式液压油缸推程与回程运动的不同特性,采用双通道式PID控制策略进行控制,分别对液压油缸跟随响应、位移误差变化、速度阶跃响应与平台双轴倾角进行仿真分析。仿真表明,双通道PID控制下最大跟随误差为1.90mm,响应时间为0.228s,极限状态下平衡时间为2.98s。与单通道PID控制相比,其最大控制误差降低49.3%,响应速度提高了45.8%。在实验室模拟8种不同坡度,对主动平衡试验平台进行响应时间和平衡效果测试,系统响应时间为0.328s;随着坡度的增加,试验平台调平最大误差为1.14°,最大均方根误差为0.299°,主动平衡试验平台及控制系统达到了设计要求。

    Abstract:

    Conventional agricultural chassis was difficult to adapt to the slope which put a severe test during the operation. Taking the auto leveling system as the research content, a twodegree of freedom platform and its selfcontrol system was developed. The mechanicalelectricalhydraulic multiphysics simulation model was established based on SimMechanics and SimHdraulics, which helped to analyze spatial kinematics through SimMechanics while hydraulic system simulation through SimHdraulics. Due to dualacting asymmetric hydraulic cylinders, a dualchannel PID control strategy was used to control following response, displacement error, velocity respectively and dualaxis inclination. The hydraulic cylinder with push and return movements could be regarded as different hydraulic cylinders with different piston areas. The characteristic of dualchannel PID control meant when errors were adjusted with different PID parameter values. The simulation results showed that the maximum following error was 1.90mm and the response time was 0.228s under dualchannel PID control. The equilibrium time in the limit state was 2.98s. Compared with singlechannel PID control, the maximum control error was reduced by 49.3%, and the response speed was increased by 45.8%. Tests under eight different gradients were performed. These results showed that the response time of the auto leveling system was 0.328s. With the increase of gradient, the maximum error of the test platform leveling was 1.14°, and the maximum root mean square error was 0.299°. The auto leveling system had a fast response, small following error, good followability and high control accuracy under the dualchannel PID control and it can meet the requirements of ring slope operation.

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赵建柱,高明远,马晨旭,王志策,黄 莹,黄韶炯.农用底盘主动平衡试验平台与控制系统设计与试验[J].农业机械学报,2018,49(11):358-364.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-06-06
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  • 在线发布日期: 2018-11-10
  • 出版日期: 2018-11-10