张进红,林启美,赵小蓉,李贵桐.不同炭化温度和时间下牛粪生物炭理化特性分析与评价[J].农业机械学报,2018,49(11):298-305.
ZHANG Jinhong,LIN Qimei,ZHAO Xiaorong,LI Guitong.Physico-chemical Characteristics and Evaluation of Cow Manure Hydrochar at Different Carbonization Temperatures and Durations[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(11):298-305.
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不同炭化温度和时间下牛粪生物炭理化特性分析与评价   [下载全文]
Physico-chemical Characteristics and Evaluation of Cow Manure Hydrochar at Different Carbonization Temperatures and Durations   [Download Pdf][in English]
投稿时间:2018-07-23  
DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.11.035
中文关键词:  牛粪  生物炭  温度  时间  水热炭化
基金项目:山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2017YL020)和山东省农业科学院青年科研基金项目(2015YQN24)
作者单位
张进红 山东省农业可持续发展研究所
农业农村部华东都市农业重点实验室 
林启美 中国农业大学 
赵小蓉 中国农业大学 
李贵桐 中国农业大学 
中文摘要:高含水率是牛粪现有处理方式的限制性因素之一。水热炭化技术不受牛粪高含水率的限制,是安全处置与资源化利用牛粪的极具潜力的技术措施之一。将新鲜牛粪在190℃和260℃下水热炭化处理不同时间(1、6、12h),收集并测定生物炭性质,并用熵权TOPSIS模型评价其农学应用价值。结果表明,牛粪生物炭理化性质因炭化温度和时间而异。炭化温度从190℃升高到260℃,反应时间由1h延长至12h,牛粪生物炭碳、全磷、全钾含量分别增加17.88%、39.06%和85.19%,而产率、氢与碳原子比、氧与碳原子比、氧氮与碳原子比、铵态氮含量、交换态磷含量和交换态钾含量则分别降低26.65%、24.00%、68.42%、64.29%、98.91%、89.26%和42.30%,炭化程度显著提高。牛粪生物炭红外谱图官能团吸收峰位置变化较小,随着炭化温度升高和时间延长,含氧官能团吸收峰强度降低,金属-卤素化合物吸收峰强度增加。提高炭化温度,延长反应时间,牛粪生物炭表面电荷量及其pH值依变性减弱,比孔容和比表面积也降低。整体而言,炭化温度对牛粪生物炭性质影响大于反应时间。低温短时间处理制备牛粪生物炭的农学应用潜力较大,更适宜作为土壤调理剂。
ZHANG Jinhong  LIN Qimei  ZHAO Xiaorong  LI Guitong
Shandong Institute of Agricultural Sustainable Development;Key Laboratory of East China Urban Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,China Agricultural University,China Agricultural University and China Agricultural University
Key Words:cow manure  hydrochar  temperature  time  hydrothermal carbonization
Abstract:The high water content is one of factors limiting cow manure treatment approach. The hydrothermal carbonization (HTC), which can convert cow manure with high water content into hydrochar, is considered as a potential approach for safe disposal and resource utilization of cow manure. Fresh cow manure was hydrothermally treated at 190℃ and 260℃ for 1h, 6h and 12h, respectively. And then the collected solid products were determined for the physico chemical properties. Based on entropy weight TOPSIS model, the agricultural value was evaluated. The aim was to investigate the effect of temperature and time on hydrochar nature, and then provide a theoretical reference for its agricultural application. The results showed that physico chemical properties of hydrochar was changed with carbonization temperature and duration. Compared with the hydrochar produced at 190℃ for 1h, carbon, total phosphorus and potassium concentrations of hydrochar produced at 260℃ for 12h were increased by 17.88%, 39.06% and 85.19%, but yield, H/C atomic ratio, O/C atomic ratio, (O+N)/C atomic ratio, ammonium nitrogen, exchangeable P and K contents were reduced by 26.65%, 24.00%, 68.42%, 64.29%, 98.91%, 89.26% and 42.30%, respectively. Meanwhile, carbonization degree was increased significantly. With high temperature and long duration, position of functional group absorption peak was varied less, intensity of oxygen functional groups absorption peak was reduced, but intensity of metal halogen chemical compound performed an opposite trend. The higher reaction temperature and longer residence time caused less surface charges, lower pH value dependence, smaller specific pore volume and specific surface area. Overall, temperature had a large impact on hydrochar nature compared with reaction duration. Cow manure hydrochar produced at low temperature for short time was more suitable as a soil conditioner due to its higher agricultural value.

Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agriculture Machinery (CSAM), in charged of China Association for Science and Technology (CAST), sponsored by CSAM and Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Science(CAAMS), started publication in 1957. It is the earliest interdisciplinary journal in Chinese which combines agricultural and engineering. It always closely grasps the development direction of agriculture engineering disciplines and the published papers represent the highest academic level of agriculture engineering in China. Currently, nearly 8,000 papers have been already published. There are around 3,000 papers contributed to the journal each year, but only around 600 of them will be accepted. Transactions of CSAM focuses on a wide range of agricultural machinery, irrigation, electronics, robotics, agro-products engineering, biological energy, agricultural structures and environment and more. Subjects in Transactions of the CSAM have been embodied by many internationally well-known index systems, such as: EI Compendex, CA, CSA, etc.

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