魏永霞,汝 晨,吴 昱,刘 慧,杨军明,侯景翔.黑土区水稻生长生理特性与产量对耗水过程的响应[J].农业机械学报,2018,49(9):214-225.
WEI Yongxia,RU Chen,WU Yu,LIU Hui,YANG Junming,HOU Jingxiang.Response of Growth Physiological Characteristic and Yield of Rice to Water Consumption Process in Black Soil Region[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(9):214-225.
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黑土区水稻生长生理特性与产量对耗水过程的响应   [下载全文]
Response of Growth Physiological Characteristic and Yield of Rice to Water Consumption Process in Black Soil Region   [Download Pdf][in English]
投稿时间:2018-05-04  
DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.09.026
中文关键词:  水稻  黑土区  耗水量  生长生理特性  产量  Jensen模型
基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC040010101)和东北农业大学农业部水资源高效利用重点实验室开放项目(2017009)
作者单位
魏永霞 东北农业大学 
汝 晨 东北农业大学 
吴 昱 黑龙江农垦勘测设计研究院
东北林业大学 
刘 慧 东北农业大学 
杨军明 东北农业大学 
侯景翔 东北农业大学 
中文摘要:为了探究黑土区水稻生长生理特性及产量对耗水过程的响应规律,于2017年5月18日—9月20日在黑龙江省水稻灌溉试验站的蒸渗仪内进行了水稻耗水试验。采用U7(7.6)均匀试验设计,解析了各生育时期耗水量对水稻生长生理特性及产量的影响。结果表明:水稻生育期内耗水强度总体呈现先上升后下降的趋势,在抽穗开花期达到最大,为5.66mm/d;耗水模系数在整个分蘖期达到最大,平均值为43.98%,抽穗开花期后趋于稳定。分蘖后期耗水量(ET3)对叶片干物质量影响最大;茎鞘和穗干物质量对拔节孕穗期、抽穗开花期耗水量(ET4、ET5)的响应程度最为显著(P<0.01);分蘖中、后期耗水量(ET2、ET3)对根干物质量分别存在最大正效应、负效应;除分蘖前期耗水量(ET1)外,分蘖中期至抽穗开花期耗水量对根系伤流量影响由大到小顺序为:ET2、ET3、ET4、ET5;分蘖中期、拔节孕穗期、抽穗开花期耗水量对气孔导度和蒸腾速率的影响为正效应(P<0.05),分蘖前期耗水量对蒸腾速率的影响为负效应(P<0.05);除分蘖前期耗水量外,分蘖中期至抽穗开花期耗水量对胞间CO2浓度和净光合速率影响由大到小顺序分别为:ET5、ET2、ET4、ET3和ET2、ET5、ET4、ET3。〖WTBZ〗分蘖中期、拔节孕穗期、抽穗开花期的水分敏感指数值分别为0.120、0.244、0.252,这3个时期耗水量对产量影响更为显著。该研究可为黑土区水稻节水灌溉制度制定提供依据。
WEI Yongxia  RU Chen  WU Yu  LIU Hui  YANG Junming  HOU Jingxiang
Northeast Agricultural University,Northeast Agricultural University,Heilongjiang Agricultural Reclamation Survey and Research Institute;Northeast Forestry University,Northeast Agricultural University,Northeast Agricultural University and Northeast Agricultural University
Key Words:rice  black soil region  water consumption  growth physiological characteristic  yield  Jensen model
Abstract:In order to explore the response of growth physiological characteristic and yield of rice to the water consumption process in black soil region, the experiment was carried out by lysimeter at the rice irrigation experiment station of Heilongjiang Province in 2017. The U7(7.6) experiment was conducted to analyze the effects of water consumption at each stage on growth physiological characteristic and yield of rice. The results showed that the water consumption intensity during the growth period of rice generally showed a trend of rising firstly and then decreasing, the maximum water consumption intensity at heading flowering stage was 5.66mm/d; the maximum water consumption percentage during the whole tillering stage was 43.98%, which tended to be stable after the heading flowering stage. The water consumption at the late tillering stage had the greatest influence on dry matter weight of rice leaf; the dry matter weight of stem sheath and spike had significant response to the water consumption at jointing booting stage and heading flowering stage (P<0.01); the water consumption at the mid tillering stage and late tillering stage showed a greatest positive and negative effects on dry matter weight of root, respectively; except for the early tillering stage, the effect of water consumption from the mid tillering stage to heading flowering stage on the amount of bleeding of root was represented as ET2, ET3, ET4 and ET5; the water consumption at the mid tillering stage, jointing booting stage and heading flowering stage had a positive effect on Gs and Tr (P<005); the water consumption at the early tillering stage showed a negative effect on Tr (P<0.05); except for ET1, the effect of water consumption from the mid tillering stage to heading flowering stage on Ci and Pn were represented as ET5, ET2, ET4, ET3 and ET2, ET5, ET4 and ET3,respectively. The λ at the mid tillering stage, jointing booting stage and heading flowering stage were 0.120, 0.244 and 0.252, respectively, and the water consumption of these three stages had more significant effects on rice yield. The research result would provide a basis for making water saving irrigation of rice in black soil region.

Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agriculture Machinery (CSAM), in charged of China Association for Science and Technology (CAST), sponsored by CSAM and Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Science(CAAMS), started publication in 1957. It is the earliest interdisciplinary journal in Chinese which combines agricultural and engineering. It always closely grasps the development direction of agriculture engineering disciplines and the published papers represent the highest academic level of agriculture engineering in China. Currently, nearly 8,000 papers have been already published. There are around 3,000 papers contributed to the journal each year, but only around 600 of them will be accepted. Transactions of CSAM focuses on a wide range of agricultural machinery, irrigation, electronics, robotics, agro-products engineering, biological energy, agricultural structures and environment and more. Subjects in Transactions of the CSAM have been embodied by many internationally well-known index systems, such as: EI Compendex, CA, CSA, etc.

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