赵 引,毛晓敏,薄丽媛.覆膜和灌水处理下土壤水分动态与玉米生长模拟研究[J].农业机械学报,2018,49(9):195-204.
ZHAO Yin,MAO Xiaomin,BO Liyuan.Simulation of Soil Moisture Dynamics and Seed-maize Growth under Different Mulching and Irrigation Conditions[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(9):195-204.
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覆膜和灌水处理下土壤水分动态与玉米生长模拟研究   [下载全文]
Simulation of Soil Moisture Dynamics and Seed-maize Growth under Different Mulching and Irrigation Conditions   [Download Pdf][in English]
投稿时间:2018-05-06  
DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.09.024
中文关键词:  土壤水分  制种玉米  覆膜  灌水量  AquaCrop模型  情景预测
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(51679234、91425302)
作者单位
赵 引 中国农业大学 
毛晓敏 中国农业大学 
薄丽媛 中国农业大学 
中文摘要:采用作物模型模拟作物生长过程和产量,是应对气候变化和人类活动的影响、实现农业节水增产的重要途径。覆膜和节水灌溉技术在我国西北旱区农田应用广泛,本研究基于覆膜增温对气积温的补偿效应以及覆膜和冠层截留对降雨入渗的影响对AquaCrop模型进行了改进,使其适用于我国西北旱区覆膜制种玉米的模拟。利用2017年石羊河流域制种玉米的实测数据对改进模型进行了率定与验证,并模拟预测了未来气温升高和覆膜比变化情景下作物产量及水分利用效率(WUE)的变化规律。结果表明:改进的AquaCrop模型能很好地模拟制种玉米生长发育阶段和冠层覆盖率,各处理冠层覆盖率的模拟值与实测值之间的R2均不小于0.95,RMSE为3.9%~10.1%,NRMSE为4.9%~15.3%。而在1m土层贮水量的模拟上,各处理R2在0.60~0.92之间,RMSE在9.5~17.1mm之间,NRMSE处于4.4%~8.9%之间。改进的AquaCrop模型在模拟不覆膜高水M0W1和M0W3处理的制种玉米干物质累积量、产量上模拟效果较差,其他处理的干物质累积量的R2不小于0.98,RMSE为0.64~1.66t/hm2, NRMSE为9.9%~16.7%,产量的相对误差(RE)为-13.3%~4.5%,WUE则表现为除M0W1处理外,其他处理模拟效果较优,RE为-23.9%~18.1%。未来气温升高对作物产量及提高水分利用效率产生不利的影响。覆膜条件下,增温1.6℃和3.3℃分别比在实际温度下减产12.8%和20.7%,WUE降低3.0%和2.1%。不覆膜条件下减产率分别为13.9%和25.1%,WUE分别降低3.8%和7.6%。覆膜比例为50%时,可在保证产量的同时,提高水分利用效率,达到增产节水的效果。
ZHAO Yin  MAO Xiaomin  BO Liyuan
China Agricultural University,China Agricultural University and China Agricultural University
Key Words:soil water  seed-maize  film mulching  irrigation amount  AquaCrop model  scenario prediction
Abstract:Crop model is an important tool to simulate crop growth and yield, which can provide a way to cope with the impacts of climate change and human activities, and achieve the target of saving water and increasing yield. Film mulching and water saving irrigation are widely used in the arid regions of Northwest China. Therefore, the purpose was to modify the crop model AquaCrop based on compensating effect of soil temperature increase on effective air accumulation temperature and impacts of film mulching and canopy interception on rainfall infiltration, so as to make it more suitable for the simulation study of mulched seed maize in arid areas. The modified model was calibrated and validated based on the experimental data of seed maize in Shiyang River Basin in 2017. Then it was used to predict the variation of crop yield and water use efficiency (WUE) under the scenarios of future temperature increase and mulching ratio change. Results show that the modified AquaCrop can well predict the growth stages and canopy cover. The values of determination coefficient (R2) of the simulated and measured canopy covers were not less than 095, the values of root mean square error (RMSE) were between 3.9% and 10.1%, and the values of normalized root mean square error (NRMSE) were between 4.9% and 15.3%, indicating that the modified AquaCrop had a good simulation for canopy cover. The modified AquaCrop was validated for simulating soil water storage in 0~1m soil depth under different treatments with 0.60

Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agriculture Machinery (CSAM), in charged of China Association for Science and Technology (CAST), sponsored by CSAM and Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Science(CAAMS), started publication in 1957. It is the earliest interdisciplinary journal in Chinese which combines agricultural and engineering. It always closely grasps the development direction of agriculture engineering disciplines and the published papers represent the highest academic level of agriculture engineering in China. Currently, nearly 8,000 papers have been already published. There are around 3,000 papers contributed to the journal each year, but only around 600 of them will be accepted. Transactions of CSAM focuses on a wide range of agricultural machinery, irrigation, electronics, robotics, agro-products engineering, biological energy, agricultural structures and environment and more. Subjects in Transactions of the CSAM have been embodied by many internationally well-known index systems, such as: EI Compendex, CA, CSA, etc.

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