潘四普,周宏平,蒋雪松,陈青,李萍萍.基于脉动燃烧技术的土壤消毒蒸汽发生装置设计与试验[J].农业机械学报,2018,49(8):301-307.
PAN Sipu,ZHOU Hongping,JIANG Xuesong,CHEN Qing,LI Pingping.Design and Experiment of Soil Disinfection Steam Generator Based on Pulse Combustion Technology[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(8):301-307.
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基于脉动燃烧技术的土壤消毒蒸汽发生装置设计与试验   [下载全文]
Design and Experiment of Soil Disinfection Steam Generator Based on Pulse Combustion Technology   [Download Pdf][in English]
投稿时间:2018-04-02  
DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.08.035
中文关键词:  设施园艺  土壤  蒸汽消毒  脉动燃烧  热效率
基金项目:“十二五”国家科技支撑计划项目(2014BAD08B04)和江苏省研究生培养创新工程项目(KYLX15_0899)
作者单位
潘四普 南京林业大学 
周宏平 南京林业大学 
蒋雪松 南京林业大学 
陈青 南京林业大学 
李萍萍 南京林业大学 
中文摘要:为解决设施园艺土壤蒸汽消毒的蒸汽来源问题,设计了基于脉动燃烧技术的蒸汽发生装置。该装置主要由脉动燃烧发动机和锅体两部分组成,脉动燃烧发动机作为热源,其主体浸没在锅体内部水中。通过功率计算,在饱和蒸汽压力为0.6MPa条件下满足130kg/h蒸汽产量需要功率107.12kW,8组脉动燃烧发动机可以满足功率需求。设计了双化油器脉动燃烧发动机,两只化油器同时进油、进气,通过“Y”型喉管连接,燃烧室呈圆柱形,尾管由3根螺旋管并联组成。试验结果表明,脉动燃烧发动机在空气中和水中均具有良好的启动性和工作稳定性,在空气中工作频率保持在90.80~90.89Hz之间,平均频率90.86Hz,在水中工作频率保持在87.27~87.81Hz之间,平均频率为87.51Hz。额定工况和非额定工况下,蒸汽发生装置热效率分别为95.5%、95.8%。额定工况下蒸汽产量150kg/h、油耗9.7kg/h、功率110.8kW、尾气温度108℃、过量空气系数1.026,满足土壤蒸汽消毒蒸汽量的要求。
PAN Sipu  ZHOU Hongping  JIANG Xuesong  CHEN Qing  LI Pingping
Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing Forestry University and Nanjing Forestry University
Key Words:protected horticulture  soil  steam disinfection  pulse combustion  thermal efficiency
Abstract:Protected horticulture industry has developed rapidly in China in recent years. With the continuous development, a series of problems have arisen, which resulted in a huge loss in protected horticulture industry. For example, simplifying varieties, high multiple crop index and fertilizer overspending can lead to terrible results on the soil, like salts accumulation, disorder of soil physical and chemical properties, soil born disease and insects, autotoxicity of crops, and so on, which called continuous cropping obstacle. The preferred manner to deal with continuous cropping obstacle is soil steam disinfection because of its great advantages compared with chemical disinfection. For example, with high temperature steam as disinfection medium, it can ensure that no pesticide residue on food. Besides, it can also effectively regulate soil physical and chemical properties, improve soil respiration ability and prevent soil hardening. To solve the problem of steam supply in soil steam disinfestation, a steam generator based on pulse combustion technology was designed. The power of 107.12kW was needed when the yield of the steam generator was 130kg/h with the pressure of 0.6MPa. It was mainly composed of two parts: the pulse combustion engine and the pot body. The steam generator utilized four pulse combustion engines which worked in parallel, and the main parts were immersed in the water in the pot body. Each pulse combustion utilized two carburetors for oil and air supply, which were connected to combustion chamber with “Y” shaped throat. Three helical tubes worked in parallel as tailpipe. Fins were adhered to the inner wall of decoupling chamber, and angel steel was adhered to the outer wall. Experiment results showed that the pulse combustion engine had great start-up performance and working stability both in the air and water. The working frequency was tested both in the air and water. The working frequency of pulse combustion engine in the air was kept between 90.80Hz and 90.89Hz, and the average frequency was 90.86Hz. In the water, the working frequency of pulse combustion engine was kept between 87.27Hz and 87.81Hz, and the average frequency was 87.51Hz. The thermal efficiencies of the steam generator under the rated and non-rated operating conditions were 95.5% and 95.8% respectively, and the difference was less than 0.3%. Under the rated operating conditions, steam production, oil consumption and power of the steam generator were 150kg/h, 9.7kg/h, 110.8kW, respectively. Besides, tail gas temperature and excess air coefficient were 108℃ and 1.026, respectively. The steam generator can meet the requirement of steam in soil steam disinfection quite well. The research provided a reference for the research and development of the soil steam disinfection machine used in protected horticulture industry.

Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agriculture Machinery (CSAM), in charged of China Association for Science and Technology (CAST), sponsored by CSAM and Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Science(CAAMS), started publication in 1957. It is the earliest interdisciplinary journal in Chinese which combines agricultural and engineering. It always closely grasps the development direction of agriculture engineering disciplines and the published papers represent the highest academic level of agriculture engineering in China. Currently, nearly 8,000 papers have been already published. There are around 3,000 papers contributed to the journal each year, but only around 600 of them will be accepted. Transactions of CSAM focuses on a wide range of agricultural machinery, irrigation, electronics, robotics, agro-products engineering, biological energy, agricultural structures and environment and more. Subjects in Transactions of the CSAM have been embodied by many internationally well-known index systems, such as: EI Compendex, CA, CSA, etc.

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