朱国俊,吉龙娟,冯建军,罗兴锜.混流式转轮叶片数对鱼类撞击死亡率的影响[J].农业机械学报,2018,49(8):153-160.
ZHU Guojun,JI Longjuan,FENG Jianjun,LUO Xingqi.Effect of Blade Numbers of Francis Runners on Fish Strike Mortality[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(8):153-160.
摘要点击次数: 1679
全文下载次数: 759
混流式转轮叶片数对鱼类撞击死亡率的影响   [下载全文]
Effect of Blade Numbers of Francis Runners on Fish Strike Mortality   [Download Pdf][in English]
投稿时间:2018-02-17  
DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.08.018
中文关键词:  水轮机  混流式转轮  鱼类撞击死亡率  叶片撞击模型  数值模拟
基金项目:国家自然科学基金重点项目(51339005)和国家自然科学基金项目(51679195)
作者单位
朱国俊 西安理工大学 
吉龙娟 西安理工大学 
冯建军 西安理工大学 
罗兴锜 西安理工大学 
中文摘要:鱼类在通过水轮机流道时会受到其内部高速旋转的转轮叶片撞击而出现伤亡。为了优化某电站混流式转轮的鱼类通过生存率,综合计算流体动力学分析方法与鱼类-叶片撞击的数学模型,研究了不同优化转轮方案下的鱼类撞击死亡率及机组能量性能,获得了混流式水轮机过流量及转轮叶片数对鱼类死亡率的影响规律。研究结果表明,在额定水头下,鱼类通过转轮的撞击死亡率与转轮的流量以及叶片数呈正相关关系;对于原始转轮,当流量增加到额定流量时,鱼类通过转轮的撞击死亡率达到了16.85%;而叶片数为13和11的两个优化转轮则使额定流量下的鱼类撞击死亡率比原始转轮分别降低了2.93和5.3个百分点。最后,通过分析两个优化转轮的鱼类生态性能与能量性能,选择采用13叶片的优化转轮作为最终方案。
ZHU Guojun  JI Longjuan  FENG Jianjun  LUO Xingqi
Xi’an University of Technology,Xi’an University of Technology,Xi’an University of Technology and Xi’an University of Technology
Key Words:hydraulic turbine  Francis runner  strike mortality of fish  blade strike model  numerical simulation
Abstract:The fish in the dam reservoir will die from the strike of rotating runner blade with high speed when passing the turbine flow passage. In order to improve the survival rate of the fish, a method for evaluating the strike mortality of fish in Francis turbine runner was presented. This method contained three steps. Firstly, the CFD method was adopted to obtain the velocity field inside the Francis turbine runner. Secondly, based on the blade-strike model and the absolute velocity distribution on the inlet of runner, the probability of fish struck the runner blade was calculated. Finally, according to the fitting model of radial basis function (RBF) neural network, the lethality rate of fish owing to blade strike was obtained, and then the strike mortality of fish passed through the runner could be calculated. Based on this method, the strike mortality of fish of the initial and the optimized runner at different operation points were calculated. The influence of the turbine discharge and blade numbers on the mortality rate of fish was researched. From the result, it can be concluded that the mortality rate of fish passed through the runner was positively correlated with the discharge and the number of runner blades under the rated head. For the initial runner, the strike mortality rate of fish reached 16.85% at rated point. Compared with the initial runner, the strike mortality rate of fish at rated point was reduced by 2.93 and 5.3 percentage points, which meant these two optimized runner had better ecological performance of fish than the initial runner. According to the comparison of ecological performance and hydraulic efficiency, the optimized runner with 13 blades was chosen as the final scheme. The research methods and contents can provide valuable reference for the fish friendly optimization of Francis turbine.

Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agriculture Machinery (CSAM), in charged of China Association for Science and Technology (CAST), sponsored by CSAM and Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Science(CAAMS), started publication in 1957. It is the earliest interdisciplinary journal in Chinese which combines agricultural and engineering. It always closely grasps the development direction of agriculture engineering disciplines and the published papers represent the highest academic level of agriculture engineering in China. Currently, nearly 8,000 papers have been already published. There are around 3,000 papers contributed to the journal each year, but only around 600 of them will be accepted. Transactions of CSAM focuses on a wide range of agricultural machinery, irrigation, electronics, robotics, agro-products engineering, biological energy, agricultural structures and environment and more. Subjects in Transactions of the CSAM have been embodied by many internationally well-known index systems, such as: EI Compendex, CA, CSA, etc.

   下载PDF阅读器