李耀明,王建鹏,徐立章,唐忠,徐正华,王克玖.联合收获机脱粒滚筒凹板间隙调节装置设计与试验[J].农业机械学报,2018,49(8):68-75.
LI Yaoming,WANG Jianpeng,XU Lizhang,TANG Zhong,XU Zhenghua,WANG Kejiu.Design and Experiment on Adjusting Mechanism of Concave Clearance of Combine Harvester Cylinder[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(8):68-75.
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联合收获机脱粒滚筒凹板间隙调节装置设计与试验   [下载全文]
Design and Experiment on Adjusting Mechanism of Concave Clearance of Combine Harvester Cylinder   [Download Pdf][in English]
投稿时间:2018-01-24  
DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.08.008
中文关键词:  联合收获机  脱粒滚筒  凹板间隙调节装置
基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0702004)和国家自然科学基金项目(51705212)
作者单位
李耀明 江苏大学 
王建鹏 江苏大学 
徐立章 江苏大学 
唐忠 江苏大学 
徐正华 苏州久富农业机械有限公司 
王克玖 苏州久富农业机械有限公司 
中文摘要:为解决联合收获机在田间作业时因喂入量波动而导致作业性能下降及脱粒滚筒堵塞等问题,用凹板筛后侧油缸油压力表征脱粒滚筒负荷,设计了由凹板间隙调节系统和凹板筛后侧油压力采集系统组成的脱粒滚筒负荷监测和凹板间隙调节装置。田间试验中,采用油压传感器测量凹板筛后侧油压力,并通过STM32单片机对测得的油压信号进行采集并保存,分别分析了喂入量和凹板间隙对油压力以及脱粒分离性能的影响。结果表明,凹板筛后侧油缸油压力和脱粒分离损失率随喂入量增大而增大,喂入量从3.4kg/s增大到6.0kg/s时,凹板筛后侧油缸油压力从732N增加到1114N,脱粒分离总损失率由0.54%增加到1.08%。在额定喂入量为6.0kg/s条件下,凹板筛后侧左右两个油缸的油压波动范围为450~660N,且两侧油缸压力一致。另外,凹板筛后侧油缸油压力随凹板间隙增大而减小,脱粒分离总损失率随着凹板间隙的增大而增大,凹板间隙从35mm增大到45mm时,凹板筛后侧油缸油压力从1114N降到758N,脱粒分离总损失率由1.08%增加到1.31%。在喂入量为6.0kg/s、凹板间隙为35mm时,脱粒分离总损失率仅为1.08%,整机性能最佳,此时凹板筛后侧油缸油压力的变化范围为900~1320N。
LI Yaoming  WANG Jianpeng  XU Lizhang  TANG Zhong  XU Zhenghua  WANG Kejiu
Jiangsu University,Jiangsu University,Jiangsu University,Jiangsu University,Manufacturer of High Quality Agricultural Machinery Products and Manufacturer of High Quality Agricultural Machinery Products
Key Words:combine harvester  threshing cylinder  adjustment device of concave clearance
Abstract:To solve problems, such as threshing cylinder blockage and the decline of operating performance caused by feeding rates fluctuation in the field, the device for adjusting concave clearance and monitoring threshing cylinder load was designed. The designed device and system consisted of concave clearance adjusting system and the oil pressure monitoring system on the rear side of the concave. The oil pressure on the rear side of the concave was used to reflect the threshing cylinder load. During the field test, the oil pressure on the rear side of concave was monitored. The STM32 microcontroller was used to collect and preserve the signal of oil pressure signal on the rear side of concave. During the field test, the relationship between the oil pressure and the feeding rates was analyzed. The influence of concave clearance on the oil pressure on the rear side of concave was analyzed in detail. The results verified that the designed concave clearance adjustment device can adjust the concave clearance rapidly and stably. The displacement sensor can display concave clearance in real time. The adjustment range of concave clearance was 35~60mm, the speed of the hydraulic cylinder can be adjusted in the range of 0~10mm/s. The oil pressure on the rear side of the concave tended to increase with the increase of feeding rates. The function relationship between the oil pressure on the rear side of the concave and the feed rates was obtained by analyzing the obtained experimental data, and the corresponding correlation coefficient was 0.9813, which indicated that the function was consistent with the theoretical analysis. It was verified that the threshing and separating loss was increased with the increase of feeding rates. More concretely, when the feeding rate was increased from 3.4kg/s to 6.0kg/s, the oil pressure on the rear side of the concave was increased from 732N to 1114N, and the threshing and separating loss was increased from 0.54% to 1.08%. Under the rated feeding rates (6.0kg/s), when the crop was evenly fed, the hydraulic pressure of the left and right cylinders was fluctuated in the range of 450~660N, the pressure change of the left and right cylinder was consistent with each other. The oil pressure on the rear side of concave tended to decrease as the concave clearance was increased. The threshing and separating loss was increased as the increase of concave clearance. In case that the concave clearance was increased from 35mm to 45mm, the oil pressure on rear side of concave was decreased from 1114N to 758N, and the threshing and separating loss was increased from 1.08% to 1.31%. It proved that it was feasible to reduce the threshing cylinder load by increasing the concave clearance. Under the conditions that the feeding rate was 6.0kg/s and concave clearance was 35mm, the threshing and separating system had the best performance, the corresponding pressure on rear side of concave was 900~1320N. The concave clearance adjust device can achieve a fast and stable regulation which provided a scientific basis for adjusting the concave clearance automatically according to the load of threshing cylinder load.

Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agriculture Machinery (CSAM), in charged of China Association for Science and Technology (CAST), sponsored by CSAM and Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Science(CAAMS), started publication in 1957. It is the earliest interdisciplinary journal in Chinese which combines agricultural and engineering. It always closely grasps the development direction of agriculture engineering disciplines and the published papers represent the highest academic level of agriculture engineering in China. Currently, nearly 8,000 papers have been already published. There are around 3,000 papers contributed to the journal each year, but only around 600 of them will be accepted. Transactions of CSAM focuses on a wide range of agricultural machinery, irrigation, electronics, robotics, agro-products engineering, biological energy, agricultural structures and environment and more. Subjects in Transactions of the CSAM have been embodied by many internationally well-known index systems, such as: EI Compendex, CA, CSA, etc.

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