Rice transplanting mechanization is a key and critical technology in rice full-mechanized production, which has become the main development direction of rice production in China. The development status, characteristics and constraints of rice transplanting mechanization in our country were analyzed, especially the research status and development trend of technology and equipment in rice mechanized transplanting and seedling nursing were expounded. Seedling nursing in tray is the precondition for realizing rice mechanized transplanting. The research progress of precision seeding technology, operation automation technology and precision seeding intelligentization technology of seedling nursing in trays is emphatically analyzed. Rice transplanting mechanical control technology is the foundation and core of automation and intelligentization operation in transplanting machines, which mainly includes two ways of rice transplanting mechanization as blanket-shaped seedling and potted seedling mechanical transplanting. Based on the analysis of rice mechanization transplanting method and equipment in China, the main problems on those two kinds of seedlings transplanting technology were systematically analyzed and summarized, the research status of control technology of transplanting machine was discussed. It even put forward to strengthen the research and application of tillage mechanization technology, solve the difficult problem about hybrid rice and super hybrid rice mechanical transplanting, solve the problem about double season late rice and continuous cropping late rice mechanical transplanting, which is a research emphasis on rice transplanting mechanization technology. Improving sowing uniformity of precision seeding of seedling nursing technology, solving the blanket-shaped seedling precision of longitudinal amount of transplanting seedling and the depth of integration among agricultural and agronomic is a difficult problem for breaking through the key technology of rice transplanting mechanization. Inventing an economical and efficient potted seedling transplanting machinery is the core of developing potting seedling mechanical transplanting technology. Strengthening the transplanting mechanical control technology is the further development direction of transplanting mechanization.