刘孟楠,周志立,徐立友,赵静慧,孟涛.基于随机载荷功率谱的电动拖拉机复合能量系统研究[J].农业机械学报,2018,49(2):358-366.
LIU Mengnan,ZHOU Zhili,XU Liyou,ZHAO Jinghui,MENG Tao.Electric Tractor Energy System and Management Strategy Research Based on Load Power Spectral Density[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(2):358-366.
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基于随机载荷功率谱的电动拖拉机复合能量系统研究   [下载全文]
Electric Tractor Energy System and Management Strategy Research Based on Load Power Spectral Density   [Download Pdf][in English]
投稿时间:2017-04-04  
DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.02.047
中文关键词:  电动拖拉机  复合电源  能量管理  载荷功率谱密度  功率分流
基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0701002)、拖拉机动力系统国家重点实验室开放课题项目(SKT2016014)和河南省高校科技创新人才支持计划项目(18HASTIT026)
作者单位
刘孟楠 西安理工大学 
周志立 河南科技大学 
徐立友 河南科技大学
中国一拖集团有限公司 
赵静慧 中国一拖集团有限公司 
孟涛 中国一拖集团有限公司 
中文摘要:拖拉机重载作业模式下负载峰值功率和高频功率存在较大随机性,单一电源方案无法有效匹配电动拖拉机负载特性。通过分析拖拉机工况负载势变量功率谱密度和电源放电特性,基于电动拖拉机通过主、辅电源对低、高频功率分流的观点,设计了采用DC-DC转换器并联超级电容器的18.5kW电动拖拉机复合电源方案,计算了系统参数。以平衡峰值功率和高频载荷控制超级电容器功率流方向为目标,设计了基于逻辑门的双DC-DC模式控制策略。根据负载时频分析需求,构建了基于Haar小波的双通道滤波器组,设计了功率分配控制器。以标准正态分布白噪声为基波,构造拖拉机犁耕、旋耕载荷波动间的互谱函数,建立了负载模拟模块。采用CRUISE/Simulink API动态联合仿真得出:基于功率分配控制的能量管理策略能够将动力电池电功率抑制在载荷波动基频附近,犁耕作业和旋耕作业下其电功率的截止频率分别为2、7Hz,幅值符合正偏态分布;超级电容器平衡高频载荷,其电功率符合标准正态分布。
LIU Mengnan  ZHOU Zhili  XU Liyou  ZHAO Jinghui  MENG Tao
Xi’an University of Technology,Henan University of Science and Technology,Henan University of Science and Technology;YTO Group Corporation,YTO Group Corporation and YTO Group Corporation
Key Words:electric tractor  synergic electric power  energy management  load power spectral density  power distribution
Abstract:When electric tractor working on heavy load model, such as plowing and rotary tillage, the peak power with high frequency of the working condition has more randomness. Energy systems of the electric tractor, which consists of single type of electric power source, e.g. batteries, may not effectively match the required power of dynamic load characteristic. Aimed at these problems, the electric tractor energy system and the management strategy were researched by the way based on the power spectral density of tractor load. By the analyses of electric drive train power flow, power spectral density of potential flow variables of tractor load and frequency characteristic in discharge process of common electric source, the feasibility of the way to separate the power flows with low frequency and high frequency via synergic electric power supply system was discussed. By mathematically building the constraint modelling of the endurance performance, power property, maximum using weight of tractor, steady and dynamic characteristic of load, the design method of energy systems with synergic electric power supply system in electric tractor was proposed. After that, the 18.5kW electric tractor energy system which was assembled by the parallel connection between batteries and super capacitors via DC-DC converter was designed. For the elimination of peak power with high frequency of battery and the direction control of the super capacitor power flow, the double DC-DC converter control strategy based on logic control was generated. For the requirement of time-frequency analysis, the power distribution controller of the management strategy was designed by using two-channel filter bank with Haar wavelet. By constructing the mutual spectral density function between Gaussian white noise and working load of the tractor on plowing and rotary tillage, the load-time wave used in the simulation was established. The simulation ran on the platform that the simulation model of tractor plowing and rotary tillage unit built on AVL CRUISE dynamically combined with the management strategy simulation model on Matlab/Simulink. And it can be found that the management strategy based on power spectral density can limit the frequency of the power flow transiting electric power the batteries of synergic electric power supply system on the fundamental frequency of working load. Under the plowing condition, the frequency of battery electric power was cut off at 2Hz. And under the rotary tillage condition, the frequency of battery electric power was cut off at 7Hz. The amplitudes of electric power flow conformed to positive skew distribution. The remainder of required power was provided by super capacitance. And the amplitudes of remaining electric power flow accorded with standard normal distribution. The research proposed can offer theory reference and technology support to other researchers whose working field would be related to electric tractor and energy management.

Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agriculture Machinery (CSAM), in charged of China Association for Science and Technology (CAST), sponsored by CSAM and Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Science(CAAMS), started publication in 1957. It is the earliest interdisciplinary journal in Chinese which combines agricultural and engineering. It always closely grasps the development direction of agriculture engineering disciplines and the published papers represent the highest academic level of agriculture engineering in China. Currently, nearly 8,000 papers have been already published. There are around 3,000 papers contributed to the journal each year, but only around 600 of them will be accepted. Transactions of CSAM focuses on a wide range of agricultural machinery, irrigation, electronics, robotics, agro-products engineering, biological energy, agricultural structures and environment and more. Subjects in Transactions of the CSAM have been embodied by many internationally well-known index systems, such as: EI Compendex, CA, CSA, etc.

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