姬长英,张纯,顾宝兴,符海娇,谢娣,郭俊.梳割气吸一体式贡菊采摘机设计与试验[J].农业机械学报,2017,48(11):137-145.
JI Changying,ZHANG Chun,GU Baoxing,FU Haijiao,XIE Di,GUO Jun.Design and Experiment of Shear-sucting Mountain Chrysanthemum Picking Machine[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2017,48(11):137-145.
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梳割气吸一体式贡菊采摘机设计与试验   [下载全文]
Design and Experiment of Shear-sucting Mountain Chrysanthemum Picking Machine   [Download Pdf][in English]
投稿时间:2017-02-10  
DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.11.017
中文关键词:  山地贡菊  负风压机  气吸梳齿式采摘  试验
基金项目:江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20140720)和中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(KYZ201325)
作者单位
姬长英 南京农业大学 
张纯 南京农业大学 
顾宝兴 南京农业大学 
符海娇 南京农业大学 
谢娣 南京农业大学 
郭俊 南京农业大学 
中文摘要:针对山地贡菊采摘仍以人工采摘为主、采摘效率低、费时费力、尚未实现机械化等问题,设计了一种适应山地采摘的贡菊采摘机。采花梳齿间隙大于胎菊直径,小于朵菊花托直径,利用采摘梳齿与分花齿之间的相对运动,从花托处碰撞拉断,实现采摘。在负风压机的风压差作用下,将花朵运输至集花箱。试验表明,贡菊采摘机能够实现山地贡菊花朵采摘及收集。在花朵含水率为87.20%,采花梳齿间隙为8~9mm时,该采摘机效果较佳,花朵采收率为87.50%~93.11%,花朵破碎率为0~0.34%,花朵落地率为1.99%~2.39%,花朵杂质率为4.87%~6.48%,花朵漏摘率为3.30%~4.96%。正交试验表明,当梳齿采摘间隙为8mm,进风口风速为8m/s,梳齿齿形为50mm,主动轴转速为 30r/min,贡菊采摘机采摘效果最佳,花朵采收率为94.54%,花朵落地率为2.05%,杂质率为1.48%,花朵破碎率为0.57%,花朵漏摘率为1.36%。
JI Changying  ZHANG Chun  GU Baoxing  FU Haijiao  XIE Di  GUO Jun
Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing Agricultural University and Nanjing Agricultural University
Key Words:mountain chrysanthemum  negative air compressor  shear-sucting picking  experiment
Abstract:Aiming at solving artificial picking, low efficiency and time-consuming, shear-sucting mountain chrysanthemum picking machine was designed to achieve mechanization. The picking machine mainly consisted of container, lithium battery, negative air compressor, transmission pipeline, picking box, comb-teeth, synchronous wheel, transmission shaft, separating teeth, DC stepper motor, DC motor speed controller, digital controller, a machine frame and four wheels. Comb-teeth gap was larger than the diameter of bud and less than diameter of chrysanthemum receptacle. The relative motion between comb-teeth and separating teeth pulled from the receptacle. Under the pressure of negative air compressor, the flower was transported to the container. Single factor tests of comb-teeth gap selected 7mm, 8mm, 9mm, 10mm and 11mm five levels. The machine worked well at the gap of 8~9mm. The picking rate was 87.50%~93.11%, the broken rate was 0~0.34%, the drop rate was 1.99%~2.39%, the impurity rate was 4.87%~6.48%, the leakage rate was 3.30%~4.96%. The orthogonal tests showed that the best combination was comb-teeth gap, comb radius, wind speed and rotational speed. When the comb-teeth gap was 8mm, the radius was 50mm, the wind speed was 8m/s and the rotational speed was 30r/min, the machine would work better. The picking rate was 94.54%, the broken rate was 0.57%, the drop rate was 2.05%, the impurity rate was 1.48%, and the leakage rate was 1.36%.

Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agriculture Machinery (CSAM), in charged of China Association for Science and Technology (CAST), sponsored by CSAM and Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Science(CAAMS), started publication in 1957. It is the earliest interdisciplinary journal in Chinese which combines agricultural and engineering. It always closely grasps the development direction of agriculture engineering disciplines and the published papers represent the highest academic level of agriculture engineering in China. Currently, nearly 8,000 papers have been already published. There are around 3,000 papers contributed to the journal each year, but only around 600 of them will be accepted. Transactions of CSAM focuses on a wide range of agricultural machinery, irrigation, electronics, robotics, agro-products engineering, biological energy, agricultural structures and environment and more. Subjects in Transactions of the CSAM have been embodied by many internationally well-known index systems, such as: EI Compendex, CA, CSA, etc.

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