李海同,万星宇,徐阳,蒋亚军,廖庆喜.油菜收获机割台螺旋输送器间隙自适应调节机构研究[J].农业机械学报,2017,48(11):115-122.
LI Haitong,WAN Xingyu,XU Yang,JIANG Yajun,LIAO Qingxi.Clearance Adaptive Adjusting Mechanism for Header Screw Conveyor of Rape Combine Harvester[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2017,48(11):115-122.
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油菜收获机割台螺旋输送器间隙自适应调节机构研究   [下载全文]
Clearance Adaptive Adjusting Mechanism for Header Screw Conveyor of Rape Combine Harvester   [Download Pdf][in English]
投稿时间:2017-08-30  
DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.11.014
中文关键词:  油菜联合收获机  割台螺旋输送器  间隙调节机构  自适应
基金项目:国家油菜产业技术体系专项(CARS-12)、农业部科研杰出人才及创新团队项目和湖北省技术创新专项重大项目(2016ABA094)
作者单位
李海同 华中农业大学
农业部长江中下游农业装备重点实验室 
万星宇 华中农业大学
农业部长江中下游农业装备重点实验室 
徐阳 华中农业大学
农业部长江中下游农业装备重点实验室 
蒋亚军 华中农业大学
农业部长江中下游农业装备重点实验室 
廖庆喜 华中农业大学
农业部长江中下游农业装备重点实验室 
中文摘要:针对油菜联合收获过程中由于喂入量波动导致割台螺旋输送器堵塞的问题,设计了一种割台螺旋输送器间隙自适应调节机构,实现喂入量变化时实时改变滑块位移以自动调节输送器与底板之间的间隙。输送器动力学与运动学分析确定了调节机构预紧弹簧最大预紧力和调节位移分别为366N和50mm。运用扭矩传感器和高速摄像技术分别开展输送器扭矩和调节位移的性能试验,当弹簧预紧力和刚度分别为293N和12.65N/mm时,输送器扭矩为8.267N·m,减少了40.7%,调节位移为10.2mm,调节机构性能较优。调节机构对输送器性能影响试验结果表明:增设间隙自适应调节机构可明显降低扭矩并增加最大喂入量,螺旋输送器转速为150r/min时扭矩减小了23%;转速为200r/min时,最大喂入量增加至3.5kg/s,提高了16.7%。喂入量在不大于3.0kg/s范围内波动时,试验组最大扭矩小于对照组,说明调节机构可较好适应喂入量的波动。田间试验表明间隙自适应调节机构可提高输送器对喂入量的适应性,避免割台堵塞,后续的脱粒装置、清选装置等工作部件未发生堵塞,油菜联合收获机可正常工作。
LI Haitong  WAN Xingyu  XU Yang  JIANG Yajun  LIAO Qingxi
Huazhong Agricultural University;Key Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment in Mid-lower Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture,Huazhong Agricultural University;Key Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment in Mid-lower Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture,Huazhong Agricultural University;Key Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment in Mid-lower Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture,Huazhong Agricultural University;Key Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment in Mid-lower Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and Huazhong Agricultural University;Key Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment in Mid-lower Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture
Key Words:rape combine harvester  screw conveyor  clearance adjusting mechanism  self-adaptation
Abstract:Aiming at solving the blocking of screw conveyor on header of rape combine harvester, an automatic clearance adjusting mechanism was designed. The maximum pretension and displacement were determined to be 366N and 50mm, respectively, through statics and kinematics analyses of the screw conveyor. Torque sensor and high-speed camera technique were used respectively to record torque on the shaft of conveyor and displacement,parameters tests of the mechanism were conducted and the results indicated when pretension was 293N and stiffness was 12.65N/mm,maximum torque of conveyor was 8.267N·m,which was decreased by 40.7%,maximum displacement of the slider was 10.2mm, and parameters of adjusting mechanism were optimal. The influence of the adjusting mechanism on performance of conveyor tests showed that adding the adaptive adjusting mechanism could obviously reduce torque and increase maximum feed quantity,when speed was in range of 150~300r/min, the feed quantity was 1.5~3.5kg/s. Torque was decreased by 23% when speed was 150r/min,feed quantity was increased by 0.5kg/s in experimental group,which was increased by 17.8%. When feed quantity was fluctuated from 1.0kg/s to 3.0kg/s and 1.0kg/s and from 3kg/s to 1.0kg/s and 3.0kg/s, maximum torque was decreased compared with steady feeding quantity of 3kg/s. Field experiment showed that the clearance adaptive adjusting mechanism could adjust the clearance between screw conveyor and bottom plate in time according to the change of feed quantity during harvesting operation,therefore,it could improve the adaptability of header to fluctuation of feed quantity and relieve blocking.

Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agriculture Machinery (CSAM), in charged of China Association for Science and Technology (CAST), sponsored by CSAM and Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Science(CAAMS), started publication in 1957. It is the earliest interdisciplinary journal in Chinese which combines agricultural and engineering. It always closely grasps the development direction of agriculture engineering disciplines and the published papers represent the highest academic level of agriculture engineering in China. Currently, nearly 8,000 papers have been already published. There are around 3,000 papers contributed to the journal each year, but only around 600 of them will be accepted. Transactions of CSAM focuses on a wide range of agricultural machinery, irrigation, electronics, robotics, agro-products engineering, biological energy, agricultural structures and environment and more. Subjects in Transactions of the CSAM have been embodied by many internationally well-known index systems, such as: EI Compendex, CA, CSA, etc.

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