吴昱,赵雨森,刘慧,王艳阳,冯鼎锐.秸秆生物炭对黑土区坡耕地生产能力影响分析与评价[J].农业机械学报,2017,48(7):247-256.
WU Yu,ZHAO Yusen,LIU Hui,WANG Yanyang,FENG Dingrui.Analysis and Evaluation of Influence of Straw Biochar on Soil Productivity of Sloping Land in Black Soil Region[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2017,48(7):247-256.
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秸秆生物炭对黑土区坡耕地生产能力影响分析与评价   [下载全文]
Analysis and Evaluation of Influence of Straw Biochar on Soil Productivity of Sloping Land in Black Soil Region   [Download Pdf][in English]
投稿时间:2016-12-07  
DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.07.031
中文关键词:  秸秆生物炭  黑土区  土地生产能力  Gumbel Copula函数  熵权
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(51479033)
作者单位
吴昱 东北林业大学
黑龙江农垦勘测设计研究院 
赵雨森 东北林业大学 
刘慧 东北农业大学 
王艳阳 东北农业大学 
冯鼎锐 东北农业大学 
中文摘要:采用径流小区试验,选取不施用生物炭(CK)、生物炭施用量25t/hm2(T1)、50t/hm2(T2)、75t/hm2(T3)和100t/hm2(T4)5个处理,分析生物炭施用量对土壤理化性质、持水能力、水土保持效应、节水增产效应等能够反映土地生产能力的指标的影响,建立基于Gumbel Copula函数的不同生物炭施用量下黑土区坡耕地生产能力评价模型,结果表明:随着生物炭施用量的增加,土壤容重降低,孔隙度增大,养分分布更为均匀,土壤有效P、速效K、pH值和有机质含量呈线性递增趋势,土壤铵态N含量呈指数增长;土壤饱和含水率、田间持水量、凋萎系数和有效水最大含量均与生物炭施用量正相关,且高施炭量处理对于土壤水分的影响程度明显高于低施炭量处理;随着生物炭施用量的增加,年径流深和土壤侵蚀量均呈线性递减,减流率和减沙率均呈对数函数递增,而大豆产量和水分利用效率则先增后减,呈抛物线型变化。基于Gumbel Copula函数计算的土地生产能力评价结果较为理想,计算的土地生产能力指数随生物炭施用量的增加呈“S型”曲线递增,土壤理化性质、持水能力和水土保持效应指数均呈线性递增,而节水增产效应指数则呈抛物线型先增后减。
WU Yu  ZHAO Yusen  LIU Hui  WANG Yanyang  FENG Dingrui
Northeast Forestry University;Heilongjiang Agricultural Reclamation Survey and Research Institute,Northeast Forestry University,Northeast Agricultural University,Northeast Agricultural University and Northeast Agricultural University
Key Words:straw biochar  black soil region  soil productivity  Gumbel Copula function  entropy weight
Abstract:With different biochar amount levels of 0t/hm2, 25t/hm2, 50t/hm2, 75t/hm2 and 100t/hm2, the runoff plots experiments were conducted to study the influences of biochar supply on the indexes of soil physicochemical properties, water holding capacity, soil and water conservation and the effects of water-saving and yield-increasing, and a model was established based on Gumbel Copula function for black soil productivity evaluation under different straw biochar amounts. The results showed that with the increase of straw biochar amount, the soil bulk density was decreased and porosity were increased, the soil nutrients distribution was uniform. Available P and K, pH value and organic matter content were increased linearly, and ammonium N was increased exponentially. Saturated soil moisture, field capacity, wilting coefficient and the maximum effective water content were all in positive correlation with the straw biochar amount, and the influence degree of high biochar amount on soil moisture was more significant than that of low biochar amount. With the increase of straw biochar amount, the amounts of annual runoff and soil erosion were all decreased linearly, the reduction rates of runoff and sediments were increased logarithmically, while the soybean yield and water use efficiency were increased firstly and then decreased like a parabola going downwards. The evaluation model based on Gumbel Copula function was used to evaluate the soil productivity under different straw biochar amounts, and the result was reasonable. The soil productivity index calculated by the model was increased with the increase of straw biochar amount in an S-shaped curve, the indexes of soil physicochemical properties, water holding capacity, effect of soil and water conservation were increased linearly, and the indexes of water-saving and yield-increasing were increased firstly and then decreased in a parabola shape. 

Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agriculture Machinery (CSAM), in charged of China Association for Science and Technology (CAST), sponsored by CSAM and Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Science(CAAMS), started publication in 1957. It is the earliest interdisciplinary journal in Chinese which combines agricultural and engineering. It always closely grasps the development direction of agriculture engineering disciplines and the published papers represent the highest academic level of agriculture engineering in China. Currently, nearly 8,000 papers have been already published. There are around 3,000 papers contributed to the journal each year, but only around 600 of them will be accepted. Transactions of CSAM focuses on a wide range of agricultural machinery, irrigation, electronics, robotics, agro-products engineering, biological energy, agricultural structures and environment and more. Subjects in Transactions of the CSAM have been embodied by many internationally well-known index systems, such as: EI Compendex, CA, CSA, etc.

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