付强,刘烨,李天霄,崔嵩,刘东,成琨.水足迹视角下黑龙江省粮食生产用水分析[J].农业机械学报,2017,48(6):184-192.
FU Qiang,LIU Ye,LI Tianxiao,CUI Song,LIU Dong,CHENG Kun.Analysis of Water Utilization in Grain Production from Water Footprint Perspective in Heilongjiang Province[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2017,48(6):184-192.
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水足迹视角下黑龙江省粮食生产用水分析   [下载全文]
Analysis of Water Utilization in Grain Production from Water Footprint Perspective in Heilongjiang Province   [Download Pdf][in English]
投稿时间:2016-10-18  
DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.024
中文关键词:  粮食  水足迹  水资源  空间分布  灌溉  黑龙江省
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(51479032、51279031、51609039)、黑龙江省高校长江学者后备支持计划项目、黑龙江省水利科技项目(201318、201503)和中国博士后科学基金项目(2016M601410)
作者单位
付强 东北农业大学水利与土木工程学院 
刘烨 东北农业大学水利与土木工程学院 
李天霄 东北农业大学水利与土木工程学院 
崔嵩 东北农业大学水利与土木工程学院 
刘东 东北农业大学水利与土木工程学院 
成琨 东北农业大学水利与土木工程学院 
中文摘要:运用水足迹理论,计算黑龙江省各地区2007—2012年的粮食水足迹,分析其粮食作物用水情况。结果表明:黑龙江省粮食生产用水量巨大,粮食作物灌溉用水量存在逐年增加的趋势,用于粮食生产的灌溉用水量占黑龙江省水资源消耗量的绝大多数。黑龙江省各地区的粮食水足迹在空间分布上存在显著差异,大体上呈东北部高,西南部低的趋势;粮食蓝水足迹明显低于绿水足迹,粮食生产对绿水的依赖度较高。黑龙江省粮食水足迹整体上小于单产需水量,部分地区粮食作物生产过程中缺水现象严重。空间自相关分析显示,黑龙江省2007—2012年的粮食绿水足迹和蓝水足迹均存在相似值之间的空间聚集性。黑龙江省农垦总局的粮食产量较高,但粮食蓝水足迹比例较高,粮食生产比较依赖灌溉水资源,水资源消耗量较大。由于2009年粮食作物单位面积产量显著降低,使得2007—2012年被分成2007—2008年和2009—2012年2个不同的时期,粮食水足迹在2个时期均存在逐年降低的趋势,粮食生产的用水效率逐年升高。
FU Qiang  LIU Ye  LI Tianxiao  CUI Song  LIU Dong  CHENG Kun
chool of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University,chool of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University,chool of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University,chool of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University,chool of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University and chool of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University
Key Words:grain  water footprint  water resources  spatial distribution  irrigation  Heilongjiang Province
Abstract:In order to provide decision making references for the allocation of available water resources in Heilongjiang Province, water footprint theory was used to calculate the grain water footprint during 2007—2012 in different areas of Heilongjiang Province, and the water utilization of food crops was analyzed in Heilongjiang Province during 2007—2012. The results showed that water consumption of grain production was huge, which was increased instantly over the years in Heilongjiang Province. Grain water footprint was less than the water requirement for per unit yield in different areas of Heilongjiang Province, and water shortage was serious in the process of grain crop production in some areas. Through spatial autocorrelation analysis, it showed that the grain green water footprint and the grain blue water footprint of Heilongjiang Province in 2007—2012 both had spatial clustering between similar values. The grain yield of Heilongjiang Farms & Land Reclamation Administration was high, but the ratio of grain blue water footprint was also high, and the grain production was more dependent on irrigation water resources, the water consumption was great. There were significant differences in the spatial distribution of grain water footprint in different areas of Heilongjiang Province, which was generally high in the northeast and low in the southwest. In the six years, the average grain water footprints were 1.15m3/kg, 1.01m3/kg, 1.32m3/kg, 1.04m3/kg, 0.91m3/kg and 0.83m3/kg, respectively. The blue water footprint of grain was significantly lower than that of the green water footprint in Heilongjiang Province, and grain production was highly dependent on the green water resources. In the six years, the average grain blue water footprint ratios were 33.91%,31.68%, 25.76%, 29.81%, 32.97% and 33.73%, respectively. Due to the significant reduction of grain yield per unit area in 2009, the years of 2007—2012 was divided into two distinct periods of 2007—2008 and 2009—2012. The grain water footprint had the trend of decreasing year by year during the two periods, and the water use efficiency of grain production in the two periods were increased year by year. From the perspective of grain water footprint, the situation of water use in grain production in different areas of Heilongjiang Province was discussed. It can effectively reflect the grain crop production and water resources utilization efficiency, and provide technical support for the water management in grain production in Heilongjiang Province.

Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agriculture Machinery (CSAM), in charged of China Association for Science and Technology (CAST), sponsored by CSAM and Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Science(CAAMS), started publication in 1957. It is the earliest interdisciplinary journal in Chinese which combines agricultural and engineering. It always closely grasps the development direction of agriculture engineering disciplines and the published papers represent the highest academic level of agriculture engineering in China. Currently, nearly 8,000 papers have been already published. There are around 3,000 papers contributed to the journal each year, but only around 600 of them will be accepted. Transactions of CSAM focuses on a wide range of agricultural machinery, irrigation, electronics, robotics, agro-products engineering, biological energy, agricultural structures and environment and more. Subjects in Transactions of the CSAM have been embodied by many internationally well-known index systems, such as: EI Compendex, CA, CSA, etc.

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