张忠学,郑恩楠,王长明,贠宁晗.不同水氮处理对水稻荧光参数和光合特性的影响[J].农业机械学报,2017,48(6):176-183.
ZHANG Zhongxue,ZHENG Ennan,WANG Changming,YUN Ninghan.Effect of Different Water and Nitrogen Levels on Chlorophyll Fluorescence Parameters and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Rice[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2017,48(6):176-183.
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不同水氮处理对水稻荧光参数和光合特性的影响   [下载全文]
Effect of Different Water and Nitrogen Levels on Chlorophyll Fluorescence Parameters and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Rice   [Download Pdf][in English]
投稿时间:2016-10-18  
DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.023
中文关键词:  水稻  水氮处理  荧光参数  光合特性  寒区黑土
基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0400108)
作者单位
张忠学 东北农业大学水利与土木工程学院
农业部农业水资源高效利用重点实验室 
郑恩楠 东北农业大学水利与土木工程学院
农业部农业水资源高效利用重点实验室 
王长明 东北农业大学水利与土木工程学院
农业部农业水资源高效利用重点实验室 
贠宁晗 东北农业大学水利与土木工程学院
农业部农业水资源高效利用重点实验室 
中文摘要:在大田栽培条件下,利用LI-6400XT型光合仪测定不同水氮调控对水稻典型生育期主要荧光参数和光合特性的影响。结果表明:水稻光化学量子效率Fv/Fm、光化学淬灭系数qP与非光化学淬灭系数qN随着灌水量的减少而降低,随着施氮量的增加Fv/Fm在抽穗开花期、qP在拔节孕穗期呈倒V形变化趋势,说明寒区黑土水稻叶片PSII反应中心因不同水氮处理而得到调节,使 PSII反应中心潜在活性、光合原初反应中心开放程度及热耗散能力受到不同程度的抑制或改善。在控制灌溉条件下气孔限制值Ls高于全面淹灌,但并没有影响水稻叶片的光合作用而表现出一定的气孔限制。对施氮量110~160kg/hm2处理光响应曲线模拟得出,随着施氮量的增加曲线升高,光饱和点LSP、光补偿点LCP明显降低,而表观量子效率α、光响应曲线曲角θ和最大净光合速率Pnmax有所回升,灌水处理间对比得出全面淹灌条件下LSP、LCP和θ低于控制灌溉,而Pnmax显著增加,暗呼吸速率Rd、α结果不明显。这表明高肥有利于水稻叶片对弱光的利用,减少耗水量对强光利用效果显著。因此,水氮胁迫会改善水稻叶片对光的适应能力,适量增加施氮量可以有效改善水稻叶片光响应特征。
ZHANG Zhongxue  ZHENG Ennan  WANG Changming  YUN Ninghan
School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University;Key Laboratory of Effective Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources, Ministry of Agriculture,School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University;Key Laboratory of Effective Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources, Ministry of Agriculture,School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University;Key Laboratory of Effective Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University;Key Laboratory of Effective Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources, Ministry of Agriculture
Key Words:rice  water and nitrogen treatment  fluorescence parameter  photosynthetic characteristics  black soil in cold area
Abstract:In order to establish water saving, high quality and efficient production model in the black soil of cold region of rice, fluorescence parameters and photosynthetic characteristics were measured by using LI-6400XT photosynthetic apparatus in the main growth period of rice under different water and fertilizer treatments. The results showed that photochemical quantum efficiency of rice (Fv/Fm), photochemical quenching factor coefficient qP and non-photochemical quenching coefficient qN were decreased with the decrease of irrigation amount. With the increase of nitrogen, Fv/Fm at the bloom stage ,qP at jointing stage showed inverted V trend, it showed that PSII reaction center was adjusted due to different treatments of water and fertilizer in black soil of cold area of rice, primary energy conversion efficiency of PSII, potential activity of PSII, photosynthetic electron transport, photosynthetic primary reaction process and heat dissipation capacity subjected to varying degrees of inhibition or improvement. The stomatal limitation of controlled irrigation was greater than that in flood irrigation, it did not affect the photosynthesis of rice leaves. Through simulated light response curves under fertilizer rate of 110 ~160kg/hm2 treatment, it showed that the curve was increased with the increase of nitrogen and the LSP and LCP were reduced significantly, but α, θ and Pnmax were increased to some extent. Through comparison among different treatments of irrigation, LSP, LCP and θof the flood irrigation were less than those in control irrigation, and Pnmax was increased significantly, but the change of Rd and αwere not obvious, it showed that high rate of fertilizer was benefit for utilization of low light in rice leaves, reduced water consumption was benefit for utilization of strong light. Therefore, water and nutrient coercion would improve the adaptability of rice leaves to light, and increasing of nitrogen amount can efficiently improve the light response characteristics.

Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agriculture Machinery (CSAM), in charged of China Association for Science and Technology (CAST), sponsored by CSAM and Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Science(CAAMS), started publication in 1957. It is the earliest interdisciplinary journal in Chinese which combines agricultural and engineering. It always closely grasps the development direction of agriculture engineering disciplines and the published papers represent the highest academic level of agriculture engineering in China. Currently, nearly 8,000 papers have been already published. There are around 3,000 papers contributed to the journal each year, but only around 600 of them will be accepted. Transactions of CSAM focuses on a wide range of agricultural machinery, irrigation, electronics, robotics, agro-products engineering, biological energy, agricultural structures and environment and more. Subjects in Transactions of the CSAM have been embodied by many internationally well-known index systems, such as: EI Compendex, CA, CSA, etc.

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