李发虎,李明,刘金泉,胡云,张清梅,赵恒栋.生物炭对温室黄瓜根际土壤真菌丰度和根系生长的影响[J].农业机械学报,2017,48(4):265-270,341.
LI Fahu,LI Ming,LIU Jinquan,HU Yun,ZHANG Qingmei,ZHAO Hengdong.Effect of Biochar on Fungal Abundance of Rhizosphere Soil and Cucumber Root Growth in Greenhouse[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2017,48(4):265-270,341.
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生物炭对温室黄瓜根际土壤真菌丰度和根系生长的影响   [下载全文]
Effect of Biochar on Fungal Abundance of Rhizosphere Soil and Cucumber Root Growth in Greenhouse   [Download Pdf][in English]
投稿时间:2016-10-27  
DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.04.034
中文关键词:  黄瓜  生物炭  真菌丰度  根系生长  根际土壤  温室
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(31660602)
作者单位
李发虎 内蒙古农业大学 
李明 内蒙古农业大学 
刘金泉 内蒙古农业大学 
胡云 内蒙古农业大学 
张清梅 内蒙古农业大学 
赵恒栋 内蒙古农业大学 
中文摘要:利用玉米秸秆生物炭,以日光温室黄瓜为试验对象,以土壤分别施入20、40、60t/hm2生物炭为处理,研究玉米秸秆生物炭施用对黄瓜根际土壤真菌群落和根系生长的影响及其机制。试验结果表明:土壤中生物炭施用量为20~60t/hm2时,在黄瓜结果期可不同程度提高根系数、根系体积和根系活力,显著提高真菌中子囊菌门和接合菌门的丰度,增加担子菌门、壶菌门和球囊菌门丰度而极大降低杂菌比例,明显提高子囊菌门Incertae sedis 27、毛壳菌科、小子囊菌科、毛球壳科、假散囊菌科等11个科以及接合菌门被孢霉科、球囊菌门球囊霉科、担子菌门粪锈伞科、壶菌门小壶菌科的丰度;生物炭处理土壤后,子囊菌门Incertae sedis 27、毛球壳科、假散囊菌科、黄丝菌科和接合菌门被孢霉科的真菌在促进根系生长方面的作用最为明显,主要通过根被组织聚集、促进根系对营养元素吸收、提高土壤中有机质和养分含量、促进土壤中有机物质分解等而最终有利于黄瓜的根系生长。综合分析认为,生物炭施用量20t/hm2处理效果最为明显,与对照相比,根系数、根系体积和根系活力分别提高20.52%、50.73%和16.11%。
LI Fahu  LI Ming  LIU Jinquan  HU Yun  ZHANG Qingmei  ZHAO Hengdong
Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University and Inner Mongolia Agricultural University
Key Words:cucumber  biochar  fungal abundance  root growth  rhizosphere soil  greenhouse
Abstract:The cucumber of solar greenhouse was selected to study the effect of biochar of corn straw on fungal abundance of rhizosphere soil and root growth of cucumber in fruiting period. The influence mechanism was found by the test. In the test, treatments were amounts of 20t/hm2, 40t/hm2 and 60t/hm2 of biochar which were respectively applied to the soil of solar greenhouse. The results showed that root number, root volume and root activity were improved in various degrees, the fungal abundances of Ascomycota, Zygomycota were increased significantly, and the fungal abundances of Basidiomycota, Chytridiomycota and Glomeromycota were promoted but the proportion of hybrid bacterium was reduced greatly, when the amount of biochar was 20~60t/hm2 in fruiting period of cucumber. The results also showed that the fungal abundances of Incertae sedis 27, Chaetomiaceae, Microascaceae, Lasiosphaeriaceae, Pseudeurotiaceae, Onygenaceae, Gymnoascaceae, Nectriaceae, Incertae sedis 3, Cephalothecaceae, Coniochaetaceae, Mortierellaceae, Glomeraceae, Bolbitiaceae and Spizellomycetaceae were improved by the application of biochar. Results showed that the effect of biochar on promoting root growth was more obvious for the fungi of Incertae sedis 27, Chaetomiaceae, Pseudeurotiaceae, Cephalothecaceae and Mortierellaceae, and these fungi promoted the root growth of cucumber by means of organizing in the root, promoting root to absorb nutrient, increasing organic matter and nutrient content, and promoting the decomposition of organic material. By comprehensive comparison, the effect of application rate of 20t/hm2 of biochar was better than those of other treatments, and the treatment of 20t/hm2 significantly improved the root number, root volume and root activity by 20.52%, 50.73% and 16.11%, respectively, compared with the test control in fruiting period of cucumber.

Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agriculture Machinery (CSAM), in charged of China Association for Science and Technology (CAST), sponsored by CSAM and Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Science(CAAMS), started publication in 1957. It is the earliest interdisciplinary journal in Chinese which combines agricultural and engineering. It always closely grasps the development direction of agriculture engineering disciplines and the published papers represent the highest academic level of agriculture engineering in China. Currently, nearly 8,000 papers have been already published. There are around 3,000 papers contributed to the journal each year, but only around 600 of them will be accepted. Transactions of CSAM focuses on a wide range of agricultural machinery, irrigation, electronics, robotics, agro-products engineering, biological energy, agricultural structures and environment and more. Subjects in Transactions of the CSAM have been embodied by many internationally well-known index systems, such as: EI Compendex, CA, CSA, etc.

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