付金霞,郑粉莉,李媛媛.小理河流域土地利用空间自相关格局与影响因素分析[J].农业机械学报,2017,48(1):128-138.
FU Jinxia,ZHENG Fenli,LI Yuanyuan.Analysis of Land Use Spatial Autocorrelation Patterns and Influence Factors of Xiaolihe Watershed[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2017,48(1):128-138.
摘要点击次数: 2815
全文下载次数: 1282
小理河流域土地利用空间自相关格局与影响因素分析   [下载全文]
Analysis of Land Use Spatial Autocorrelation Patterns and Influence Factors of Xiaolihe Watershed   [Download Pdf][in English]
投稿时间:2016-06-18  
DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.01.017
中文关键词:  土地利用  空间自相关  影响因素  黄土丘陵沟壑区  小理河流域  GIS
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(41571263)
作者单位
付金霞 西北农林科技大学 
郑粉莉 西北农林科技大学 
李媛媛 西北农林科技大学 
中文摘要:为揭示土地利用空间自相关格局与自然社会经济因素的耦合关系,以黄土丘陵沟壑区的小理河流域为研究区,基于全局Moran’s I、Moran 散点图和Anselin local Moran’s I分析了500m×500m格网尺度上流域土地利用全局和局部空间自相关格局,利用GIS技术研究各类用地在p<0.05 显著性水平下局部聚集区与高程、坡度、坡向、与水域距离、与道路距离、与居民点距离的关系。结果表明,各土地利用类型都表现出全局空间正自相关特性,但空间正自相关性随着距离的增加而逐渐减弱,且在32km以内不同土地利用类型自相关程度的空间衰减强度不同。耕地、草地的空间分布呈显著的HH(高值—高值)、LL(低值—低值)聚集趋势,而园地、林地、建设用地和未利用地呈显著的HH聚集趋势。草地HH聚集区主要分布在流域中、上游的丘陵或山地区,林地HH聚集区主要分布在流域下游沟壑区和上游山地区,其他地类HH聚集区集中分布在流域下游宽阔黄土梁或开阔河谷区。随高程和坡度增加,各地类HH、LL聚集区面积总体呈先增加后减小的趋势。在1000~1300m高程区、15°~25°的坡度区以及正阳向和正阴向区域,是各地类HH聚集分布最多样、面积最集中的区域。建设用地和林地HH聚集区主要分布在1000~1100m高程区,耕地、园地和未利用地HH聚集区主要分布在1100~1200m高程区,草地HH聚集区主要分布在1200~1300m高程区。各地类HH聚集区按平均坡度由小到大依次为:建设用地、耕地、园地、林地、未利用地、草地。建设用地、园地和耕地HH聚集区主要分布在正阳向和半阳向区域(正阳向面积最多),林地和草地HH聚集区主要分布在正阴向和正阳向区域(正阴向面积最多)。距水域和道路越远,除未利用地外,各地类HH聚集区面积呈不断减小的趋势;距居民点越远,草地HH聚集区面积呈先增加后减小趋势,而其他地类HH聚集区面积呈不断减小的趋势。各地类HH、LL聚集区集中分布在距水域、道路1.5km范围内和距居民点3km范围内。距水域、道路和居民点越近,建设用地、园地和耕地的HH聚集区面积迅速增加。相比HH聚集区,耕地LL聚集区主要分布在1200m以上高程区,平均坡度增大,正阳向面积略大于其他坡向面积,与水域和居民点的距离较远且面积呈先增后减的趋势;草地LL聚集区主要分布在1000~1200m高程区、15°~35°坡度区,各坡向上分布面积相差不大,与水域、道路和居民点的距离较近且面积呈不断减小趋势。
FU Jinxia  ZHENG Fenli  LI Yuanyuan
Northwest A&F University,Northwest A&F University and Northwest A&F University
Key Words:land use  spatial autocorrelation  influence factors  loess hilly-gully region  Xiaolihe watershed  GIS
Abstract:Aiming to reveal the coupling relationship between land use spatial autocorrelation patterns and natural—social—economic factors of Xiaolihe watershed located in loess hilly-gully region, the global and local spatial autocorrelation patterns of land use types were analyzed by the methods of Moran’s I, Moran scatter plot and Anselin local Moran’s I in the 500m×500m grid scale, meanwhile, the relationships between local cluster zones and the selected environmental factors were analyzed at the p<0.05 significant level based on GIS technology. The selected environmental factors included elevation, slope, aspect, water, roads and residential areas. The results showed that all land use types showed positive global spatial autocorrelation, but it was gradually decreased with the increase of distance. Within the distance of 32km, spatial attenuation intensity of autocorrelation of each land use type was different from the extension of distance. The spatial distribution of cultivated land and grassland showed significant HH (high value—high value) and LL (low value—low value) cluster trends, and that of garden land, forest land, construction land and unused land showed significant HH cluster trend. The HH cluster zones of grassland were mainly distributed in hills or mountains of the midstream and upstream watershed, the HH cluster zones of forest land were mainly distributed in gullies of the downstream watershed and mountains of the upstream watershed, and those of others were mainly distributed in wide loess ridges and wide river valleys of the downstream watershed. With the increase of elevation and slope, the areas of HH and LL cluster zones of each land use type were increased firstly and then decreased. The region, which was located in the elevation area of 1000~1300m, the slope area of 15°~25°, the sunny area and shady slope area, was the most diverse and concentrated area of HH cluster distribution of land use types. The HH cluster zones of construction land and forest land were mainly distributed in the elevation area of 1000~1100m, the HH cluster zones of cultivated land, garden land and unused land were mainly distributed in the elevation area of 1100~1200m, and those of grassland were mainly distributed in the elevation area of 1200~1300m. According to the average slope of HH cluster zones of each land use type in ascending order, the order was as follows: construction land, cultivated land, garden land, forest land, unused land and grassland. The HH cluster zones of construction land, garden land and cultivated land were mainly distributed in sunny area and semi sunny area, in which the distribution area in sunny area was larger. The HH cluster zones of forest land and garden land were mainly distributed in shady slope area and sunny area, in which the distribution area in shady slope area was larger. With the increase of distance from water and roads, the areas of HH cluster zones of each land use type showed a declining trend except for unused land. With the increase of distance from residential areas, the areas of HH cluster zones of grassland were increased firstly and then decreased, and those of others showed a declining trend. The HH and LL cluster zones of each land use type were mainly distributed within the distance of 1.5km from water and roads as well as within the distance of 3km from residential areas. The areas of HH cluster zones of construction land, garden land and cultivated land were increased rapidly with the decrease of distance to water, roads and residential areas. Compared with HH cluster zones, the LL cluster zones of cultivated land were mainly distributed in the elevation area of greater than 1200m,and the average slope of the LL cluster zones was increased. The distribution area of the LL cluster zones of cultivated land in the sunny area was slightly larger than those in other aspects. The LL cluster zones of cultivated land were farther away from water and residential areas, and the areas of which were firstly increased and then decreased. While the LL cluster zones of grassland were mainly distributed in the elevation area of 1000~1200m and the slope area of 15°~35°, and the distribution area of the LL cluster zones in each aspect was similar. The LL cluster zones of grassland were closer to water, roads and residential area, and the areas of which showed a declining trend.

Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agriculture Machinery (CSAM), in charged of China Association for Science and Technology (CAST), sponsored by CSAM and Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Science(CAAMS), started publication in 1957. It is the earliest interdisciplinary journal in Chinese which combines agricultural and engineering. It always closely grasps the development direction of agriculture engineering disciplines and the published papers represent the highest academic level of agriculture engineering in China. Currently, nearly 8,000 papers have been already published. There are around 3,000 papers contributed to the journal each year, but only around 600 of them will be accepted. Transactions of CSAM focuses on a wide range of agricultural machinery, irrigation, electronics, robotics, agro-products engineering, biological energy, agricultural structures and environment and more. Subjects in Transactions of the CSAM have been embodied by many internationally well-known index systems, such as: EI Compendex, CA, CSA, etc.

   下载PDF阅读器