枸杞热泵干燥室系统设计与应用
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公益性行业科研专项经费项目(201501342)和枸杞新型制干与保鲜技术研发及示范项目(ZNNFKJ2015-03)


Design and Application of Wolfberry Heat Pump Drying System
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    摘要:

    根据枸杞热风干燥失水规律,设计了满足干燥1t枸杞鲜果的热泵干燥室,并对热泵干燥室进行应用试验。本批次干燥量为1000kg鲜枸杞,结果表明:热泵干燥系统供热充裕,升温灵敏,温湿度控制精准,能够满足枸杞干燥工艺的需求,压缩机的蒸发温度、冷凝温度均在其正常工作范围内;比较了干燥室内部不同位置的枸杞间的品质,并与同批次燃煤干燥室产品进行对比,表明热泵干燥室后部枸杞总酚、总黄酮、DPPH清除率、铁离子还原能力均显著高于燃煤干燥枸杞,前部枸杞总酚、总黄酮、DPPH清除率、铁离子还原能力与其相当,且热泵干燥枸杞总胡萝卜素含量均显著高于燃煤干燥枸杞;本批次干燥总耗电为416kW·h,单位能耗除湿量为1.57kg/(kW·h), 总费用为208元,按照干果干燥量核算成本为0.81元/kg,相对于燃煤干燥成本降低了19%。

    Abstract:

    Based on the former research on heat pump drying characteristics of wolfberry, a large heat pump drying room was designed and established, and then 1000kg of wolfberry fruit was dried. The result showed that the heat pump drying room could supply abundant heat and control temperature and humidity precisely, which could meet the needs of wolfberry drying process. During the drying process, the temperature was gradually increased and humidity was decreased, it was reasonable to set 10 as a turning point at the drying stage, namely the moisture content could be detected when temperature was risen to 52℃, if the moisture content on dry basis was higher than 1.0, the set temperature should be maintained, if the moisture content was arrived at or below 1.0, the temperature could continue to be risen, the highest temperature was not higher than 64℃. The quality of dried wolfberry in different positions of heat pump drying room was measured, which showed that the total phenol content was between (5.92 ± 0.3)mg/g and (8.12 ± 0.18)mg/g, the total ketone content was between (70.99 ± 1.68)mg/g 〖JP3〗and (113.88 ± 0.26)mg/g, the total phenol content and total ketone content of the samples in the back of the room were significantly higher than those in the front. From the point of antioxidant properties, samples in the back of the room had higher ·DPPH scavenging activity and ferric ion reducing antioxidant power than those in the front. Compared with the wolfberry dried in the coal chamber, samples dried by heat pump drying room had higher overall quality (total phenol, total ketone. ·DPPH clearance, iron ion reduction ability), and the drying time was reduced by 20% and drying costs was reduced by 19%, hence heat pump drying process was reasonable and heat pump drying room could be applied to production practice.

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赵丹丹,彭郁,李茉,倪元颖.枸杞热泵干燥室系统设计与应用[J].农业机械学报,2016,47(s1):359-365.

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  • 收稿日期:2016-07-20
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  • 在线发布日期: 2016-10-15
  • 出版日期: 2016-10-15