刘宁,周嘉良,马双双,韩鲁佳,黄光群.生物炭对鸡粪好氧堆肥主要氮素形态含量影响与保氮机制[J].农业机械学报,2016,47(12):233-239.
Liu Ning,Zhou Jialiang,Ma Shuangshuang,Han Lujia,Huang Guangqun.Impacts of Biochar on Major Forms Contents and Conservation Mechanism of Nitrogen during Aerobic Composting of Chicken Manure[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2016,47(12):233-239.
摘要点击次数: 2252
全文下载次数: 1413
生物炭对鸡粪好氧堆肥主要氮素形态含量影响与保氮机制   [下载全文]
Impacts of Biochar on Major Forms Contents and Conservation Mechanism of Nitrogen during Aerobic Composting of Chicken Manure   [Download Pdf][in English]
投稿时间:2016-09-06  
DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2016.12.028
中文关键词:  鸡粪  生物炭  好氧堆肥  氮素
基金项目:教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划项目(NCET—12—0524)和国家国际科技合作专项(2015DFA90370)
作者单位
刘宁 中国农业大学 
周嘉良 中国农业大学 
马双双 中国农业大学 
韩鲁佳 中国农业大学 
黄光群 中国农业大学 
中文摘要:生物炭对鸡粪好氧堆肥过程氮素形态含量影响及保氮机制的研究对有害气体减排、氮素减损控制以及好氧堆肥工艺的深度优化具有重要意义。以鸡粪和麦秸为主要原料,通过添加适量生物炭,利用实验室智能型好氧堆肥反应器系统进行了好氧堆肥试验。基于获取的主要理化、生物学指标以及氮素存在形态动态数据,结合扫描电镜和主要种类微生物数量动态变化分析,研究了好氧堆肥过程主要氮素形态含量变化并初步阐释了生物炭保氮机制。研究结果表明:添加生物炭有利于鸡粪好氧堆肥过程氨气减排和减少氮素损失;堆肥过程氨气排放量与铵态氮浓度和硝态氮浓度分别呈显著正相关关系(r=0.783,p=0.037<0.05)和高度显著负相关关系(r=-0.941,p=0.017<0.05)。生物炭多孔结构能有效吸附铵态氮和氨气等氮素物质,降低堆体铵态氮浓度,进而减少氨气挥发;生物炭能为硝化细菌等微生物群落提供适宜的环境,有利于促进硝化反应并抑制氨气挥发。
Liu Ning  Zhou Jialiang  Ma Shuangshuang  Han Lujia  Huang Guangqun
China Agricultural University,China Agricultural University,China Agricultural University,China Agricultural University and China Agricultural University
Key Words:chicken manure  biochar  aerobic composting  nitrogen
Abstract:It is of great significance to investigate the impacts of biochar on the quantity of major nitrogen forms and conservation mechanism of nitrogen during aerobic composting of chicken manure, which could provide some theoretical supports for future study on NH3 emission, nitrogen loss, and composting process optimization. Chicken manure and wheat straw were used as primary materials, and proper amount of biochar was added to conduct aerobic composting with an intelligent aerobic composting reactor system. Based on the physicochemical and biological indicators and dynamic data of major nitrogen forms, combined with analysis of scanning electron microscopy and the quantity variation of main microbial communities, the quantity variation of major nitrogen forms was studied and the conservation mechanism of nitrogen was illustrated. Conclusions were drawn as follows: adding proper amount of biochar could yield less NH3 emission and nitrogen loss;there were significant positive correlation between NH+4-N concentration and NH3 emission (r=0.783, p=0.037<0.05). There were highly significant negative correlation between NO-3-N concentrationand NH3 emission (r=-0.941, p=0.017<0.05). The results showed that cellular structure of biochar could effectively adsorb various nitrogen such as NH3 and NH+4-N, reduce NH+4-N concentration in the pile, and thus reduce the NH3 emission effectively. In addition, biochar could provide appropriate refuge for nitrifying bacteria, promote the nitration reaction, and then inhibit NH3 volatilization.

Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agriculture Machinery (CSAM), in charged of China Association for Science and Technology (CAST), sponsored by CSAM and Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Science(CAAMS), started publication in 1957. It is the earliest interdisciplinary journal in Chinese which combines agricultural and engineering. It always closely grasps the development direction of agriculture engineering disciplines and the published papers represent the highest academic level of agriculture engineering in China. Currently, nearly 8,000 papers have been already published. There are around 3,000 papers contributed to the journal each year, but only around 600 of them will be accepted. Transactions of CSAM focuses on a wide range of agricultural machinery, irrigation, electronics, robotics, agro-products engineering, biological energy, agricultural structures and environment and more. Subjects in Transactions of the CSAM have been embodied by many internationally well-known index systems, such as: EI Compendex, CA, CSA, etc.

   下载PDF阅读器