王兴鹏,段爱旺,李双.农田利用排水灌溉对土壤入渗特性及棉花生长的影响[J].农业机械学报,2016,47(6):100-106.
Wang Xingpeng,Duan Aiwang,Li Shuang.Effect of Farmland Drainage Irrigation on Soil Infiltration Characteristics and Cotton Seedling Growth in Southern of Xinjiang Province, China[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2016,47(6):100-106.
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农田利用排水灌溉对土壤入渗特性及棉花生长的影响   [下载全文]
Effect of Farmland Drainage Irrigation on Soil Infiltration Characteristics and Cotton Seedling Growth in Southern of Xinjiang Province, China   [Download Pdf][in English]
投稿时间:2016-03-23  
DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2016.06.013
中文关键词:  农田排水  点源入渗  面源入渗  棉花
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目 (31060084、51469029)、“十二五”国家科技支撑计划项目(2014BAC14B01)和塔里木大学重大专项(TDZKPY201501)
作者单位
王兴鹏 中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所
塔里木大学 
段爱旺 中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所 
李双 中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所 
中文摘要:为了评价南疆地区农田利用排水灌溉的适用性,通过马氏瓶供水、定盘式负压入渗仪以及室内棉花萌芽和幼苗生长的培养试验,研究了排水灌溉对土壤水分点源、面源入渗特性及对棉种萌发、幼苗生长的影响。结果表明,在水分点源入渗试验中,不同矿化度的排水灌溉后土壤水分入渗在水平方向上运移较纵向明显,当排水矿化度大于2g/L时,在水平方向上土壤含水率随矿化度的增大呈显著下降趋势。在水分面源入渗试验过程中,当水头条件相同时,土壤水分入渗量随排水矿化度的增大而减小,当水头条件不同时,土壤水分入渗量随压力水头的减小显著降低。根据稳态条件下的面源入渗近似解,不同矿化度的排水灌溉后,土壤饱和导水率Ks先增后减,而模型参数λc的变化却呈相反的变化趋势,在排水矿化度达到2g/L时Ks和λc出现了极值,矿化度越高对Ks和λc的影响越明显。利用排水灌溉后,当矿化度低于3g/L时,能够保证棉种正常萌发而不产生危害,当矿化度超过3g/L时,开始显现对棉种萌发的抑制作用,高于5g/L时抑制作用强烈。排水矿化度低于4g/L对棉花幼苗的生长影响较小,超过4g/L时,棉花生育过程减缓显著。
Wang Xingpeng  Duan Aiwang  Li Shuang
Farmland Irrigation Research Institute of CAAS;Tarim University,Farmland Irrigation Research Institute of CAAS and Farmland Irrigation Research Institute of CAAS
Key Words:farmland drainage  point source infiltration  non-point source infiltration  cotton
Abstract:To evaluate the applicability of farmland irrigation and drainage in southern Xinjiang, adopting the experiment of water supplied by Markov bottle, of fixed disc infiltrometer, of cotton indoor seeding and growth, the effect of farmland irrigation and drainage on infiltration characteristics of the soil water at point source and non-point source, cotton emergence rate and growth was studied. The experiment results showed that during the test of soil water point source infiltration, the horizontal migration at different salinity irrigation water infiltration was more obvious than the longitudinal direction. When drainage salinity was over 2g/L, the soil water content values in the horizontal direction showed a significant downward trend with the increasing of salinity. During the test of soil water non-point source infiltration, the amount of soil water infiltration decreased with the increasing salinity at the same water head. And the amount significantly decreased with the decrease of water head. According to steady-state non-point source infiltration, soil saturated hydraulic conductivity Ks increased first and then decreased after different salinity irrigation, but the model parameters λc changed oppositely, when drainage salinity was at 2g/L, Ks and λc reached inflection point, and the effect was more obvious with the higher salinity. The cotton had a normal growth when water salinity was below 3g/L, while there was a obvious damage to the cotton emergence rate when it was at 5g/L. There was a low effect on cotton seeding growth when the salinity was below 4g/L, however, cotton growing was slowed significantly when the salinity was over 4g/L.

Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agriculture Machinery (CSAM), in charged of China Association for Science and Technology (CAST), sponsored by CSAM and Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Science(CAAMS), started publication in 1957. It is the earliest interdisciplinary journal in Chinese which combines agricultural and engineering. It always closely grasps the development direction of agriculture engineering disciplines and the published papers represent the highest academic level of agriculture engineering in China. Currently, nearly 8,000 papers have been already published. There are around 3,000 papers contributed to the journal each year, but only around 600 of them will be accepted. Transactions of CSAM focuses on a wide range of agricultural machinery, irrigation, electronics, robotics, agro-products engineering, biological energy, agricultural structures and environment and more. Subjects in Transactions of the CSAM have been embodied by many internationally well-known index systems, such as: EI Compendex, CA, CSA, etc.

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