In order to improve the performance of a seed corn detasseling machine, a roller type tasselremoval component and a performance testing apparatus for the same were provided. Onefactor and multi-factor orthogonal experiments were carried out with plant feeding speed, air-charged pressure, central distances between the rollers, roller revolving speed, and roller’s inclination angle as factors and with the tassel removal rate, and the leaf loss rate as evaluation indicators. The experiments show that central distances between the rollers and the roller’s inclination angle have significant influences on the tassel removal rate and the influences on the leaf loss rate of the respective factors decrease in the order as below, central distances between the rollers, aircharged pressure, roller’s inclination angle, and roller revolving speed. The following parameter combination demonstrates the optimal performance of the roller type tassel-removal component. The central distance between the rollers is 254mm, the aircharged pressure is 50kPa, the roller’s inclination angle is 30°, and the roller revolving speed is 450r/min. Under the above settings, when the plant feeding speed is set as 5km/h, the tassel removal rate is up to 97.8%, and the leaf loss rate is up to 24.4%; and when the plant feeding speed is set as 3～6km/h, the average tassel removal rate is up to 97.8% and the average leaf loss rate is up to 27.4% which meet the agronomic requirements.