A control system based on single chip microcomputer was designed for small-scale electrostatic charged combustion equipment, and some experiments were carried out using the control system. The liquid ethanol was used as fuel and a glass capillary tube with inner diameter of 0.9 mm was used as nozzle in the combustion experimental system. The external electric field system was composed of a high voltage DC power source, two copper plate electrodes with diameter of 50 mm, 1 MΩ resistance and 5 nF capacity. The control system was based on a single chip microcomputer and a voltage feedback stepping motor, and a STC89C52 chip, a driver chip for the stepping motor, a digital to analog conversion chip, a MAX232 level switch chip, a LCD1602 display and a matrix keyboard were applied. The voltage sampling signals combined with the relevant parameters inputted from the keyboard were used to real-timely control the stepping motor. The high voltage direct current power source was adjusted by the stepping motor and then the combustion and flame could be controlled. Serial data and experimental results using real-time acquisition between personal computer and microcontroller indicated that the circuit current increased with the decrease of electrode spacing; and it decreased with the increase of flow rate of ethanol. Too big flow rate of ethanol, too high voltage, or air turbulence all caused discharge between the plates, flame oscillation or even extinction. The detected voltage was used as a feedback variable and compared with the set value inputted from the keyboard. The stepping motor was used as an actuator to quickly adjust the high voltage DC power. Thus, the real-time closed-loop control of the small-scale combustion and flame system was achieved.