With the analysis of domestic and abroad present situation of forest protection and fire monitoring, based on the Iridium SBD communication services and support vector machine algorithm, an information collecting and data analyzing system for forest management and protection was designed, which was able to collect concentration of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, smoke air temperature and air humidity automatically, transfer the wireless remotely in anywhere of forest, and recognize forest fire probability effectively in a certain range. The hardware of monitoring terminal consisted of STM32 CPU, Iridium Q9602 module, LTC2950-1, DS2781 and twostage power voltage step down system. The software made the terminal be able to collect and transfer on automatic mode or manual mode, analyze data and recognize fire probability on the remote server. It was proved by experiment that the system could collect five microenvironment parameters, transfer data by using Iridium with the success rate of 100% and recognize fire probability above the rate of 80%. The system had been applied and tested in the forest fire work of Hailar District, Hulunbeier, Inner Mongolia Province. It can improve the monitoring mechanism of the patrol personnel and the efficiency of forest resources survey.