苹果夜视图像小波变换与独立成分分析融合降噪方法
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国家自然科学基金资助项目(61203014、61379101)、高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金资助项目(20133227110024)、江苏省高校优势学科建设项目和江苏省普通高校研究生科研创新计划资助项目(KYLX14-1062)


Combined Method for Night Vision Image Denoising Based on Wavelet Transform and ICA
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    摘要:

    对不同人工光源辅助下采集到的夜视苹果图像,通过噪声分析,判定苹果夜视图像的噪声以高斯噪声为主,并混有部分椒盐噪声。针对高斯噪声去除难题,将小波变换(Wavelet transform, WT)与独立成分分析(Independent component analysis, ICA)理论引入夜视图像的处理系统,为了最大程度地降低噪声污染,提出WT-ICA融合降噪方法。通过仿真实验,结果表明融合降噪效果较为理想。为了更好地评价夜视图像的降噪效果,以自然光下的图像为参照基准,提出相对峰值信噪比(Relative peak signaltonoise ratio,RPSNR)的概念。对所采集到的不同的夜视图像进行多次重复实验,结果表明,从视觉上看WT-ICA降噪方法得到的低噪图像噪点明显减少;从RPSNR看,WT-ICA得到的低噪图像,分别比原始图像、小波软阈值降噪、ICA降噪方法平均提高29.94%、8.09%、7.54%;白炽灯下的图像处理后的RPSNR最高,适合作为人工光源。WT-ICA融合降噪方法通过连续处理,排除夜视图像的噪声干扰,得到的低噪图像更利于进一步识别,从而为实现苹果采摘机器人的全天候作业打下基础。

    Abstract:

    Through the analysis of noise, it’s found that the Gaussian noise is the main noise in the night vision images obtained under different artificial lights, which also mixed with some salt and pepper noises. With regard of the elimination of Gaussian noise, the wavelet transform (WT) and independent component analysis (ICA) were introduced into the process of night vision images. In order to minimize the noise, a combined method of WT and ICA (WT-ICA) was proposed. The simulation results verified the effect of this combined method. For the purpose of better evaluation of denosing effect in these night vision images, taking the image under the natural light as a reference, an index named relative peak signaltonoise ratio (RPSNR) was proposed. The repeated tests were carried out in different night vision images. The results showed that there was an obviously visual decrease of noise with WT-ICA method. The RPSNRs of WT-ICA images were improved by 29.94%, 8.09% and 7.54% than those of original images, wavelet soft threshold denoising images and ICA denoising images. Especially under the incandescent lamp, the RPSNR reached the highest value, so this kind of lamp was suitable for being artificial light. By means of continued processing with WT-ICA method, these low noise images were easy to be identified further, which laid a solid foundation for the roundtheclock operation of the apple harvesting robot.

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贾伟宽,赵德安,阮承治,刘晓洋,陈 玉,姬 伟.苹果夜视图像小波变换与独立成分分析融合降噪方法[J].农业机械学报,2015,46(9):9-17.

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  • 收稿日期:2015-01-25
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  • 在线发布日期: 2015-09-10
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