黄淮海地区玉米品种适宜性精细区划研究
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国家自然科学基金青年资助项目(41301075)和国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)重点资助项目(2011AA10A103-1)


Regionalization of Maize Cultivars Cultivated in Huang-Huai-Hai Plain of China
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    摘要:

    受数据和方法所限,对作物品种适宜种植区进行划分时,往往不考虑不同品种间的表现差异,且环境单元的尺度较粗,导致品种定位不准而经常引发种植事故。为提高作物品种定位准备程度,以玉米品种为研究对象,以县域为基本决策单元,以黄淮海夏播玉米区为研究区,进行玉米品种适宜性精细区划的探索性研究。通过对区试数据和调查数据的分析,筛选对产量有显著影响、发生频率高、与环境因素相关性强的因子,确定积温、种植密度、倒伏、大斑病、空秆5因子的玉米品种精细区划指标体系;建立了玉米品种各指标及综合指标适宜度的定量化表达方法;利用面状要素属性空间一体化聚类方法进行玉米品种适宜性精细区划。同时以玉米品种秀青73-1为例,计算了该品种的单指标和综合指标适宜度,分析了其在黄淮海地区的适宜性精细分区结果。在县域精细尺度下,兼顾不同种植环境和品种间差异,同时考虑空间邻接关系,研究作物品种种植适宜性精细区划方法,有助于“因地制宜”准确选用品种,充分发挥新品种的增产增收效果。

    Abstract:

    Regionalization of maize cultivars cultivated with a relatively large scale always fails to take fully consideration of differences of performances among varies cultivars due to the limitation of data and method, and thus often provides inaccurate indications for maize cultivars deployment, which caused serious economic losses. To make a further effort to solve the problem, an effective regionalization method for maize cultivars cultivated in Huang-Huai-Hai Plain of China was proposed. The study was based on six years (2001—2006) of regional trial data, which covered 40 maize-testing locations and plantation survey data on field production, including the agronomic characters, various stresses and plantation management information, and the climatic data was used as well. Firstly, statistical analysis on trial data and survey data was applied to filter indexes which had a high frequency of occurrence, a significant impact on yield and a strong relationship with environments. As a result, the accumulated temperature higher than 10℃, average planting density, blank-stem stress, lodging stress and leaf blight stress were taken as indexes. Secondly, quantitative expressions of each index basing on their relationship with weather and management scheme in field production were established, and then the comprehensive index value was calculated and assigned to each county. Finally, counties were clustered by their comprehensive index value, and the spatial continuity adjustment was combined to achieve a spatially coherent clustering result. Consequently, maize variety Xiuqing 73-1 was taken as an example, and 606 counties of Huang-Huai-Hai Plain were classified into 5 regions, outlier counties of each region were identified and analyzed whose comprehensive index values were greater than the upper limit or less than the lower limit. The result can provide a practical guidance for precise cultivar popularization of maize.

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刘哲,唐日晶,赵祖亮,李绍明,朱德海,张晓东.黄淮海地区玉米品种适宜性精细区划研究[J].农业机械学报,2015,46(8):281-288.

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  • 收稿日期:2015-03-17
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  • 在线发布日期: 2015-08-10
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