陈 满,施印炎,汪小旵,孙国祥,李 雪.冬小麦精准追肥机专家决策系统[J].农业机械学报,2015,46(7):17-22.
Chen Man,Shi Yinyan,Wang Xiaochan,Sun Guoxiang,Li Xue.Expert Decision System of Precision Fertilizer for Winter Wheat[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2015,46(7):17-22.
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冬小麦精准追肥机专家决策系统   [下载全文]
Expert Decision System of Precision Fertilizer for Winter Wheat   [Download Pdf][in English]
投稿时间:2014-10-08  
DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2015.07.003
中文关键词:  冬小麦 变量追肥 专家决策系统 实时控制 归一化植被指数
基金项目:“十二五”国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2013BAD08B04-8)和江苏省普通高校研究生科研创新计划资助项目(KYLX_0518)
作者单位
陈 满 南京农业大学 
施印炎 南京农业大学 
汪小旵 南京农业大学
江苏省现代设施农业技术与装备工程实验室 
孙国祥 南京农业大学
江苏省现代设施农业技术与装备工程实验室 
李 雪 南京农业大学 
中文摘要:为了实现小麦生长过程中的实时变量追肥,研究了光谱数据处理策略及目标追肥量的计算模型,开发了基于近地光谱探测技术的实时变量追肥专家决策系统,结合小麦冠层归一化植被指数(NDVI)、追肥机实际行进速度和肥料反馈量,双通道独立控制施肥机构的转速和开度,从而实时调整追肥量,实现精准变量追肥。试验结果表明,专家决策系统的控制精度达到90%以上,可以满足精准追肥的要求;拔节期,变量追肥比定量均匀施肥增施氮肥28kg/hm2左右;变量施肥有利于改善小麦群体结构,降低产量差异性。
Chen Man  Shi Yinyan  Wang Xiaochan  Sun Guoxiang  Li Xue
Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing Agricultural University;Jiangsu Province Engineering Laboratory for Modern Facilities Agricultural Technology and Equipment,Nanjing Agricultural University;Jiangsu Province Engineering Laboratory for Modern Facilities Agricultural Technology and Equipment and Nanjing Agricultural University
Key Words:Winter wheat Variable rate fertilization Expert decision system Real time control Normalized differential vegetation index
Abstract:In order to achieve real-time variable dressing in wheat jointing stage, spectral data processing strategy and expected fertilizer quantity calculation model were studied. The variable rate fertilization expert decision system was developed based on crop canopy real-time spectral information (Normalized differential vegetation index, NDVI). Combined with NDVI information, actual traveling speed of dressing machine and feedback amount of fertilizer, the dual-channel independently controlled the speed and the opening of institutions to real-time adjust the amount of fertilization. The comparative experiments of ratio fertilization and traditional fertilization for winter wheat with different base fertilizer rates in Jiangsu Huanghai Farm were carried out. In order to improve the efficiency of expert decision system, the optimal data processing strategy was analyzed. Results showed that the best data processing frequency of the expert decision system was 1Hz. Using more fertilizers was beneficial to promote the winter wheat individual growth, but it was not conducive to the structure of the group. The variation coefficient of NDVI in control area was the largest, as high as 11.32%. Variable fertilizer could effectively reduce the variation cofficient of NDVI, decreased by up to 3.57% and the average of 1.46%. The fertilization precision can reach above 90%. Variable rate fertilizer applied more nitrogen (28kg/hm2) than quantitative fertilization. Variable rate fertilization would help to improve wheat population structure and reduce the yield differences. Therefore, the expert decision system was favorable, and could achieve precise fertilization in the precision agriculture.

Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agriculture Machinery (CSAM), in charged of China Association for Science and Technology (CAST), sponsored by CSAM and Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Science(CAAMS), started publication in 1957. It is the earliest interdisciplinary journal in Chinese which combines agricultural and engineering. It always closely grasps the development direction of agriculture engineering disciplines and the published papers represent the highest academic level of agriculture engineering in China. Currently, nearly 8,000 papers have been already published. There are around 3,000 papers contributed to the journal each year, but only around 600 of them will be accepted. Transactions of CSAM focuses on a wide range of agricultural machinery, irrigation, electronics, robotics, agro-products engineering, biological energy, agricultural structures and environment and more. Subjects in Transactions of the CSAM have been embodied by many internationally well-known index systems, such as: EI Compendex, CA, CSA, etc.

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