Considering the deficiencies in uneven soil compaction and the too long vertical size that exists in the soybean tillage sowing machine during conservation tillage, the profiling elastic press roller which adopts the elastic spoke structure was designed. The main structure parameters of the press roller were determined through theoretical analysis, which means diameter D of 450mm, breadth B of 210mm and number of spokes n of 12. The work process of the roller was simulated by using the ADAMS software, at the same time, orthogonal tests of L9(34) were performed in an indoor soil bin with moisture content (dry basis) of 20%. The effects of spring stiffness coefficient (k), total loads (F), operation speed (v) and soil compactness (P) on pressure fluctuation were determined. The optimum ranges of each factor were determined through the ADAMS motion simulation. The results of orthogonal tests showed the primacy sequence of the experiment factors were total loads, spring stiffness coefficient, soil compactness, the operation speed, and optimal levels of the experiment factors were F of 800N,k of 5N/mm,P of 15kPa and v of 0.5m/s. The simulation results are in good agreement with the experimental results in the pressure fluctuations. Under the condition of a certain inclination angle on the ridge surface, the profiling elastic press roller can better ensure uniformity of soil compaction than that of conventional roller.