枣树间接地下滴灌根区土壤盐分运移规律研究
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国家自然科学基金资助项目(51069013、51369028)


Research on Salt Movement Law in Jujube Root Zone under Indirect Subsurface Drip Irrigation
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    摘要:

    通过小区试验研究了间接地下滴灌条件下密植枣树根区不同方向(水平及垂直方向)、不同土层盐分质量比的变化特征,及导水装置直径(50、75、90mm)和灌水量(9、13、17L/(棵·次))〖JP2〗对枣树根区土壤盐分运移的影响。结果表明:经过一段时间后,垂直方向10~40cm土层盐分质量比较低, 0~10cm土层盐分质量比最高;水平方向10~50cm各土层盐分质量比随与出水口水平距离的增加而增大。在单次灌水后导水装置直径一定时各土层脱盐率随灌水量的增加而增大。当灌水量一定时,10~40cm土层脱盐率随导水装置直径的增加呈减小的趋势,0~10cm、40~50cm脱盐率随导水装置直径增大呈低-高-低的趋势。在7—9月份,当导水装置直径为75mm,灌水量为13、17L/(棵〖DK〗·次)时,0~50cm土层土壤平均盐分质量比均较低而且变化幅度较小。综合考虑节水、抑盐效果,确定导水装置直径为75mm,灌水量为13L/(棵·次)为适宜的间接地下滴灌灌溉模式。

    Abstract:

    In order to study transport and distribution characteristics of soil salinity under indirect subsurface drip irrigation, a field experiment was designed to analyze salt distribution characteristics and the effect of water conducting device diameter (50, 75, 90mm) and irrigation quantity (9, 13, 17L/plant per time) on salt transportation in jujube root zone under indirect subsurface drip irrigation. The results showed that soil salt content of 10~40cm soil layer was relatively low, and soil salt content of 0~10cm soil layer was the highest in vertical direction, while soil salt content of each soil layer showed a increasing trend with the increase of distance from the outlet in horizontal direction under treatments after a period of time. After a single irrigation, desalination rate of each soil layer increased with the increase of irrigation quantity under a certain water-conducting device diameter. Desalination rate decreased with the increase of water-conducting device diameter in 10~40cm soil layer under a certain irrigation quantity, while desalination rates in 0~10cm and 40~50cm soil layer had a trend of “low-high-low” with the increase of water-conducting device diameter. Soil salt content in 0~50cm soil layer was relatively low when water-conducting device diameter was 75mm, irrigation quantity was respectively 13 and 17L/plant from July to September, while soil salt content varied little. As a result, water-conducting device diameter was 75mm, and irrigation quantity was 13L/pant, which was the suitable treatment that determined with consideration of the factors of water-saving and restraining salt. The research results had a theoretical support for the water-salt regulation and reasonable irrigation schedule in jujube field in southern Xinjiang.

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孙三民,安巧霞,蔡焕杰,姚宝林,乔 英.枣树间接地下滴灌根区土壤盐分运移规律研究[J].农业机械学报,2015,46(1):160-169.

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  • 收稿日期:2014-06-27
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  • 在线发布日期: 2015-01-10
  • 出版日期: 2015-01-10