风洞条件下雾滴飘移模型与其影响因素分析
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“十二五”国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2012BAD19B08)、江苏省自然科学基金资助项目(BK20131422)、江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD)和江苏省高校优秀中青年教师和校长境外研修资助项目


Spray Drift Model of Droplets and Analysis of Influencing Factors Based on Wind Tunnel
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    摘要:

    航空喷雾作业受侧风的影响容易产生雾滴的随风飘失,影响喷雾效果。对影响雾滴飘移行为的相关因素进行了分析,运用在三维坐标系中建立的雾滴运动方程,获得了雾滴在侧风作用下的飘移预测模型,通过计算可以预测雾滴在侧风作用下的飘移距离。利用风洞通过雾滴浓度测试方法进行了不同气流条件和喷雾条件下的雾滴飘移规律的试验研究,并通过线性回归模拟法计算获得雾滴在风洞试验条件下的实际飘移距离。试验结果显示,随着气流速度增大,雾滴飘移距离明显增加,小于200 μm 的雾滴在侧风作用下更容易发生飘移;对于雾滴粒径在250 μm以上大雾滴虽然也会沿风洞下风方向发生飘移,但其垂直方向的动能也比较大,因而飘移距离比较短。通过分析比较了试验计算的雾滴飘移距离与运动模型得到的雾滴飘移距离预测值,雾滴飘移随雾滴粒径和气流大小的变化规律的结果比较吻合,雾滴运动模型作为雾滴飘移行为的显性表达式是可行的。

    Abstract:

    Aerial spraying may easily lead to loss of droplets with the wind from crosswinds and influence of spray effect. This article analyzes related factors which influence spray drift behavior, and sets up the motion equations of the droplet in three-dimensional coordinate system. A prediction model of droplet drift under crosswind condition is received so that the droplet drift distance can be predicted by calculating. Spray drift experiments are done under different flow and spray conditions by using wind tunnel with the droplet concentration testing method. Actual droplet drift distance in the wind tunnel conditions are obtained through simulation of the linear regression method. Experimental results show that as the air velocity increases, spray drift distance increases significantly, and droplets with diameters less than 200 μm under crosswind are more prone to drift. For the large droplets with diameters bigger than 250 μm, although the drift along downwind direction of the wind tunnel still happen, the drift distance is shorter since the kinetic energy of the vertical direction is relatively larger. Through analyzing and comparing droplet drift distance from prediction model with the results of calculating and estimates, it is observed that the results meet the requirements. It is concluded that the motion model of droplet as the dominant expression of spray drift behavior is feasible.

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茹煜,朱传银,包瑞.风洞条件下雾滴飘移模型与其影响因素分析[J].农业机械学报,2014,45(10):66-72.

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  • 收稿日期:2013-11-21
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  • 在线发布日期: 2014-10-10
  • 出版日期: 2014-10-10