李荣华,张广杰,王权,张增强,毛晖.添加矿物质对猪粪好氧堆肥中有机物降解的影响[J].农业机械学报,2014,45(6):190-198,316.
Li Ronghua,Zhang Guangjie,Wang Quan,Zhang Zengqiang,Mao Hui.Effect of Mineral-based Additives on Organic Matter Degradation during Pig Manure Aerobic Composting[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2014,45(6):190-198,316.
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添加矿物质对猪粪好氧堆肥中有机物降解的影响   [下载全文]
Effect of Mineral-based Additives on Organic Matter Degradation during Pig Manure Aerobic Composting   [Download Pdf][in English]
投稿时间:2013-05-10  
DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2014.06.029
中文关键词:  矿物添加剂  猪粪  堆肥  有机质变化  红外光谱
基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目( 41101288、41201280)和陕西省自然科学基金面上资助项目(2013JM3011)
作者单位
李荣华 西北农林科技大学 
张广杰 西北农林科技大学 
王权 西北农林科技大学 
张增强 农业部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室 
毛晖 西北农林科技大学 
中文摘要:为了探讨添加矿物材料对猪粪堆肥过程中有机物动态变化的影响,通过好氧堆肥的方式向猪粪和玉米秸秆粉混合物料中添加干质量分数为2.5%的粉煤灰、膨润土和风化煤等矿物质,用化学分析和红外光谱技术相结合的方法,对90 d好氧高温堆肥过程中有机质的动态变化特征进行了研究。结果表明:添加粉煤灰、风化煤或膨润土对猪粪堆肥的堆体温度变化均无明显影响,堆体温度能迅速升至近70℃,并维持在55℃以上超过7 d,达到高温堆肥的温度要求;随着堆肥时间的延长,各处理中总有机碳(TOC)和水溶性有机碳(WSC)含量均呈现出逐渐降低最后趋于相对稳定的趋势,但添加粉煤灰、风化煤和膨润土处理,能促进有机质的降解,促进能力依次为粉煤灰、膨润土、风化煤;添加粉煤灰、风化煤和膨润土等矿物质有利于猪粪堆肥的腐殖化过程进行,堆肥过程的雪里蕻种子萌发指数(GI)与WSC显著负相关、GI与胡敏酸的百分比(PHA)和腐殖酸聚合度(DP)显著正相关;红外光谱数据显示,在好氧堆肥过程中,含有—OH、—CH3和—CH2基团的化合物相对减少,而含有—C=O、C—O—C、—COO基团和含芳香环类物质的含量逐渐增加,堆肥有机质降解可持续至60 d以后;添加粉煤灰、风化煤和膨润土会影响堆肥初期GI增加,但经过90 d好氧堆肥后,雪里蕻种子的GI均能大于0.5,所有堆肥处理均基本达到腐熟水平。
Li Ronghua  Zhang Guangjie  Wang Quan  Zhang Zengqiang  Mao Hui
Northwest A&F University;Northwest A&F University;Northwest A&F University;Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture;Northwest A&F University
Key Words:Mineral-based additives  Pig manure  Compost  Organic matter degradation  Infrared spectroscopy
Abstract:In order to investigate the effect of mineral-based additives on organic matter degradation during composting of pig manure under aerobic condition, pig manure was mixed with corn stalk powder and the mixture was composted for 90 days after amending with mineral-based additives such as flyash, weathered brown coal, and bentonite at 2.5% addition amounts. And the organic matter degradation characteristics were evaluated by chemical analysis and FTIR methods. The results showed that the additives had no remarkable influence on composts temperature evolution. During the thermophilic phase, temperatures above 55℃ were rapidly established and continued over a week with the maximum temperatures up to 70℃ in all the composts. TOC and WSC decreased as composting progress, whereas the TOC decrease was enhanced in order of flyash, bentonite and weathered brown coal. Mineral additives improved the composts humification. Germination index of Ardisiasquamulosa presl- seeds showed a significant negative correlation with WSC, and presented significant positive correlations with PHA and DP. The organic matter of the pig manure-additive mixture was characterized by a high polymerisation degree of the humic-like substances, with a relative high proportion of humic acids in relation to fulvic acids. The FTIR analysis showed that the contents of the compounds with —OH,—CH3 and —CH2 groups decreased with time, while the contents of the compounds with —CO, —C—O—C,—COO and aromatic groups increased with time, and the organic matter degradation process could be last for 60 days during composting. The GI values increased with composting time, while the developments were significant inhibited during the initial stage when mineral-based additives were added. After 90 days composting GI values were over 0.5 indicating the maturity composts for all treatments.

Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agriculture Machinery (CSAM), in charged of China Association for Science and Technology (CAST), sponsored by CSAM and Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Science(CAAMS), started publication in 1957. It is the earliest interdisciplinary journal in Chinese which combines agricultural and engineering. It always closely grasps the development direction of agriculture engineering disciplines and the published papers represent the highest academic level of agriculture engineering in China. Currently, nearly 8,000 papers have been already published. There are around 3,000 papers contributed to the journal each year, but only around 600 of them will be accepted. Transactions of CSAM focuses on a wide range of agricultural machinery, irrigation, electronics, robotics, agro-products engineering, biological energy, agricultural structures and environment and more. Subjects in Transactions of the CSAM have been embodied by many internationally well-known index systems, such as: EI Compendex, CA, CSA, etc.

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