During the simulation of bamboo rhizomes, there are some faced difficulties caused by high strength of calculation and large amount of data. Therefore, it is hard to satisfy the simulation performance requirements by using traditional architecture based on single processor and serial computing. In order to solve this problem, a multi-nodes parallel simulation mechanism was proposed based on network compute cluster, and the parallel simulation platform was built for uniaxial scattered bamboo rhizomes. The parallel simulation platform was composed of modeling node, task managing node, graphics node and network switch in hardware. The growth model of uniaxial scattered bamboo rhizomes was constructed on the basis of SimRoot model, whose geometric architecture parameters and growth parameters can be obtained through experimental observation. Function decomposition method was used for dividing integral task of growth modeling into fragments, and the corresponding task scheduling mode was established. Then, multi-nodes parallel growth modeling mechanism was designed. Finally, as an example, multi-nodes parallel simulation experiments for Phyllostachys parvifolia were executed. The experimental results show that multi-nodes parallel simulation based on network computer cluster appears to have obvious efficiency in reducing memory demand and simulation time, which has good adaptability to the large-scale simulation of scattered bamboo rhizomes.