The action mechanism of elastic dentations was analyzed using elastic dentations-roller-type sugarcane leaf sheath-stripping device. The tearing and stripping of leaf sheath were studied by further kinematic analysis of elastic dentations. The virtual prototyping experiment was carried out using ADAMS software to analyze the contacting situation between elastic dentations and sugarcane stalk. The impact of velocity changes of elastic dentations and center distance between two leaf stripping rollers on leaf sheath-stripping was obtained. The results of kinematic and simulation analysis were verified by high-speed photography test and physical prototype leaf-stripping experiments, which contained the single factor experiments of center distance between two rollers and rotate speed of leaf-stripping rollers. The results showed that when the center distance between two rollers was 310 mm, in the process of elastic dentations contacting sugarcane stalk, the elastic dentations slided down along the surface of sugarcane under the action of linear velocity difference in y direction Δvy=3.91~5.87 m/s, which was conducive to make leaf sheath tear along the direction of fiber. Meanwhile, the elastic dentations slided along the axis of stalk similarly because of linear velocity difference in x direction Δvx=4.61~7.54 m/s, which could make it scrape from the stalk. The result of the comprehensive leaf-stripping experiment proved that the impurity rate was less than 7% and the stalk broken rate was less than 15%. When the elastic dentations separated from the stalk, the linear velocity difference exerted on leaf sheath by elastic dentations increased as four to five times, which could help leaf sheath strip.