Bamboo charcoal obtained from pyrolysis was introduced as adsorbent to adsorb model compounds of bio-oil in solution. Single-, double- and four-component of bio-oil was investigated to evaluate the adsorption behavior. The results showed that the adsorption characteristics of each component were different. For single-component adsorption in 24h, the adsorption capacity of each component by bamboo charcoal in declining order was furfural, acetic acid, phenol and glucose. When adsorption equilibrium achieved, the adsorption capacity of phenol would exceed that of acetic acid. In double-component of furfural and glucose system, furfural was showed strongly selective adsorption characteristics by bamboo charcoal. In four-component system, the adsorption capacity of each component was declined especially for acetic acid. Further more, concentration mutation was presented among acetic acid and some component which suggested that the well adsorbed furfural displaced some of the weak adsorbate. The adsorption capacity of glucose was little under all the experimental operating conditions.