陕西规模化猪场猪粪与饲料重金属含量研究
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国家自然科学基金资助项目(41201280)和西北农林科技大学人文社科专项项目 (2012RWZX11)


Heavy Metal Contents in Pig Manure and Feeds under Intensive Farming and Potential Hazard on Farmlands in Shaanxi Province, China
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    摘要:

    测定了陕西省11个地区64家规模化养猪场中64个育肥猪饲料和相应的猪粪样品中Cu、Zn、Cr、Ni、As、Pb和Cd等元素的含量,并评估了其潜在的环境风险。结果表明:饲料和猪粪中均含有大量Cu、Zn、Cr、Ni、As、Pb和Cd等,并以Cu和Zn含量最高;饲料中Cu和Zn平均含量在38.33~805.61mg/kg和90.69~1208.19mg/kg之间,猪粪中Cu和Zn平均含量在78.99~1543.28mg/kg和68.72~3011.72mg/kg之间;陕西育肥猪饲料中重金属已经超出国家标准中的浓度限值,其中Cr、Cu、Zn、As、Pb和Cd的最高超标倍数分别为5.44、134.27、10.98、60.08、7.67和110.86,饲料是猪粪重金属的主要来源;限制陕西省规模化养殖场猪粪农用的主要因素是Cu、Zn和Cd含量。估算表明,安康、商洛和杨凌地区猪粪农田施用不足100年土壤Cu或Zn即超标,陕西农田土壤Cd在18.3~99.3年后即达到容许量。

    Abstract:

    The concentrations of heavy metals Cu, Zn, Cr, Ni, As, Pb, and Cd in pig manure and feed samples were analyzed by randomly collecting pairs of pig feeds and manures samples from 64 pig farms in different regions of Shannxi province, China. The results indicated that the 7 target heavy metals were detected in the pig feed and manure samples. The contents of investigated heavy metals in pig feed and manure samples varied among different farms in different regions. The highest amount of Cu and Zn occurred in pig manure and feeds samples, with the mean contents of 38.33~805.61mg/kg and 90.69~1208.19mg/kg in feeds and 78.99~1543.28mg/kg and 68.72~3011.72mg/kg in manure, respectively. The maximum contents of Cu, Zn, Cr, Ni, As, Pb, and Cd in pig feeds were in 5.44, 34.27, 0.98, 0.08, 10.86, and 7.67 times than the limits in the national standards and are the main source of heavy metals in pig manure. The addition of heavy metals such as Cu, Zn and Cd etc. in pig feeds could lead the serious ecological environmental hazards and would forbid the organic fertilizer farmland application. The farmland heavy metals pollution risk evaluation indicated was conducted by geoaccumulation index method, and the result that farmlands in Shannxi provience have received overloaded manure Cd with the application of pig manures in farmlands.

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朱建春,李荣华,张增强,毛 晖,樊志民.陕西规模化猪场猪粪与饲料重金属含量研究[J].农业机械学报,2013,44(11):98-104.

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  • 在线发布日期: 2013-11-07
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