添加剂对猪粪好氧堆肥过程锌和铜形态的影响
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国家自然科学基金资助项目(41201280)


Effect of Additives on Forms of Zn and Cu during Aerobic Composting of Pig Manure
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    摘要:

    以猪粪和秸秆为原料,分别添加干物质质量分数10%的果渣、过磷酸钙和生物炭进行46 d好氧堆肥。研究了添加剂对堆肥过程重金属Zn和Cu形态的影响。结果表明:3种添加剂中果渣和生物炭较快进入高温期,结束时电导率(EC)分别为 4.2、5.4和2.8 mS/cm。相比对照,添加剂处理降低了氮素质量分数损失分别为55.3%、54.4%和58.6%,均具有显著的保氮效果。添加剂处理的DTPA-Zn在总质量中所占比例下降幅度分别为 3.9%、5.8%和5.7%,DTPA-Cu的下降幅度分别为 11.0%、12.0%和12.3%,差异不显著。堆肥前、后,Sposito形态分析表明,各处理的Zn形态均以SP3和SP4为主,达到74.5%~87.4%;Cu形态以SP2和SP4为主,达到69.0%~80.9%。过磷酸钙和生物炭处理SP1形态Zn下降幅度大于果渣。3种添加剂处理SP1形态Cu比例均有所下降,其中过磷酸钙下降最显著。

    Abstract:

    Pig manure was mixed with wheat straw as bulking agent, the mixtures were amended with 0 or 10% additives including apple pomace, calcium superphosphate and biochar of total dry weight and composted for 46 d. Effect of three additives on composting process were studied. Additives of apple pomace and biochar could shorter the time to reach the high temperature period, electricity conductivity were 4.2, 5.4 and 2.8 mS/cm with three additives in the end, respectively. Three additives showed the abbility of nitrogen conservation. The decrease rate of N loss compared with control were 55.3%, 54.4% and 58.6%, respectively. Rate of DTPA form in total amount decreased with 3.9%, 5.8% and 5.7% for Zn, 11.0%, 12.0% and 12.3% for Cu in three additives, respectively. The differences were not significant. Analysis of Sposito forms showed that Zn was mainly in the forms of SP3 and SP4, reached to 74.5%~87.4%, while Cu in the forms of SP2 and SP4, reached to 69.0%~80.9% of the total amount. SP1 form of Zn with treatments of calcium superphosphate and biochar decreased more than apple pomace, while SP1 form of Cu with treatment of calcium superphosphate decreased the most.

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毛晖,李荣华,黄懿梅,王朝辉.添加剂对猪粪好氧堆肥过程锌和铜形态的影响[J].农业机械学报,2013,44(10):164-171,202.

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  • 在线发布日期: 2013-10-14
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