Using rice straw and cow manure (volatile solid ration 1∶1) as materials, continuous anaerobic co-digestions were carried out to investigate the effects of organic loading rate (OLR) and temperature on stability and performance. The experimental results showed that, for thermophilic digestion, volumetric biogas production rate (VBPR) increased with increasing of OLR and the maximum VBPR was 5.26m3/(m3?d). The maximum average specific biogas production (SBP) of 489.6L/kg was obtained at OLR of 3.6kg/(m3?d).For mesophilic digestion, biogas production was seriously inhibited by volatile fatty acids (VFAs) at OLR of 12kg/(m3?d). During the OLR of 3~8kg/(m3?d),VBPR gradually increased with the maximum of 2.57m3/(m3?d). The maximum average SBP of 440.0L/kg was obtained at OLR of 3.6kg/(m3?d). When the OLR increased to 8kg/(m3?d), serious sludge expanding was observed both in thermophilic and mesophilic system.