水分调亏对地下滴灌夏玉米田水热动态的影响
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国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)资助项目(2006AA100213);“十一五”国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2006BAD11B02)


Effects of Water Deficit on Soil Moisture and Temperature Regimes in Subsurface Drip Irrigated Summer Corn Field
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    摘要:

    通过北京地区地下滴灌夏玉米田间试验,研究了前期不同程度水分亏缺对土壤水热和夏玉米冠层温度、株高、叶面积指数及产量的影响。结果表明:在20~60cm土层,除重度亏水处理外,其他处理的土壤含水率均在高位平稳变化;在60~100cm土层,丰水处理的土壤含水率最大;对不同深度的土层,轻度与中度亏水处理两者间的土壤含水率差异较小。受作物覆盖度和亏水程度的影响,拔节期各处理间土壤温度和冠层温度有明显差异;在较浅土层(距地表30cm和50cm处)中,拔节期之前丰水处理的土壤温度较低,拔节期之后各处理间差异逐渐减小;在较深土层(距地表80cm处)中,水分亏缺程度越大,土壤温度越高。轻度亏水处理能获得较高的产量,中度亏水处理能提高水分利用效率。

    Abstract:

    In order to study the effects of regulated water deficit irrigation on soil moisture and temperature regimes in summer corn field of North China under subsurface drip irrigation, soil moisture and temperature, as well as canopy temperature, plant height, leaf area index, yield of summer corn in the whole growth stage were analyzed on the basis of a field experiment in Beijing. The results showed that the treatments, except for severe water deficit treatment, kept soil moistures in 20~60cm soil layer within a high and stable range; soil moistures for the well-watered control were higher than that for other water deficit treatments in 60~100cm soil layer; in all different soil layers, soil moistures had little differences for low and moderate water deficit treatments. Influenced by the degree of crop cover and water deficit, differences of soil temperatures and canopy temperatures among treatments were remarkable in the jointing stage; in upper soil layers (30~50cm), soil temperatures for the well-watered control were lower than those for other water deficit treatments before the jointing stage, but the differences among treatments were reduced after that; in deeper soil layers (80cm), the higher the deficit degree was, the higher the soil temperature would be. Finally, low water deficit treatment had higher corn yields, and moderate water deficit treatment greatly raised irrigation water use efficiency. 

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邹慧,黄兴法,龚时宏.水分调亏对地下滴灌夏玉米田水热动态的影响[J].农业机械学报,2012,43(9):72-77.

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  • 在线发布日期: 2012-09-04
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