Aiming at the compound fertilizer particle inspection for strong corrosive and high dust environment, a kind of inspection system based on binocular vision was proposed. Firstly, using demand of the inspection system was analyzed, and the design requirements which can realize the continuous large sample testing, and result online showing and granulator closed-loop controlling were put forward. Then three binocular visual inspection plans were proposed and compared. Binocular linear CCD inspection was sure for the feasible plan. Hardware configuration, anti-corrosion and dust removal were designed. In order to improve the precision, electromagnetic vibration feeder was servo controlled, which was feedback by robot vision. Also, double cameras parallel image processing program was used. Finally, particle size distribution experiment was executed. The results show that the system error is within ±3%, facilitative for practical application.