The thermal resistant characteristics of pests in agricultural products are important to determine the lethal temperature and time for thermal disinfestation methods. Therefore, a set of research system was designed and built to obtain the given heating rate and temperature required by thermal controls of pests. The temperature detection and control circuits were mainly developed by using AVR Atmega16 single chip microcomputer (SCM) as controller, Pt100 as temperature sensor, and pulse width modulation as temperature control method. The C language and VB software were used to control SCM procedure and personal computer monitoring/data acquisition, respectively. The running results showed that the temperature measurement and control accuracy was 0.2℃ and 0.1℃ for heating up to 10~70℃. The heating rate could be achieved over the range of 0~15℃/min.