With the cattle manure and lignite slag for fermentation materials, based on the single-factor test in the laboratory, C/N, moisture content, room temperature, ventilation time, pH value, organic matter were analyzed by orthogonal optimization to determine the optimum laboratory fermentation parameters as the basis for large-scale production. SPSS 12.0 was used to analyze the optimum parameters of large-scale production to determine the relationship of the factors which affected the fermentation process. The follows were obtained: the factors which affected the fermentation process are C/N, moisture content, room temperature, ventilation time, pH value, organic matter; the optimum parameters of large-scale production are moisture content of raw materials 65%，C/N 30, agent inoculums concentration 2.5L/m3, the number of turning: once every three days; the time of forced ventilation: 30min, these are consistent with laboratory parameters; the temperature from the fermented material surface (0~30cm) of the large-scale production was highest that was incompatible with the result obtained from equipment measurement. It has a remarkable linear correlation with side temperature,y=1.1487x+4.2773. All the detection indicators of the organic fertilizer in this process reached China’s industry standard NY 525-2002.