The surface and the section geometrical structure features and element of the mouthparts of the oriental mole cricket were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy spectrometer. The mouthparts cuticle contained many kinds of metallic elements and microelements. It was found that there existed a hollow structure in the mouthparts and the material of the section displayed sandwich structure. The structure of the mouthparts was modeled with the slice method. The hardness and elastic modulus of the mouthparts cuticle of the oriental mole cricket were obtained by nanomechanical test system. The results showed that the hardness and elastic modulus of the mouthparts cuticle material was high. It was found through comparison that the hardness of the mouthparts of the oriental mole cricket was higher than that of the female clypeus.