Compression experimental results on longan fruit and pit indicated that the force-deformation curves of longan fruit compression qualified with the second order quadratic equation and the elastic modulus ranged from 0.90MPa to 0.95MPa. The force-deformation curves of longan pit compression were nearly linear and the elastic modulus was roughly 40MPa. The transversal and longitudinal stiffness of longan fruit and pit were separately similar. Under different compression rates, longan deformation of broken-hull decreased along with the increase of compression rates. The fruit skin tensile tests were conducted that stress-strain curves and the relationships between elastic modulus and strains were determined. Experimental results indicated that longan can be regarded as isotropy material.